Unit 4 - Water Cycle and Water Pollution

Question 1

Aquatic Ecosystems/Biomes
And how they connect

Answer 1

• Deep sea vents
• Coral reef
• Lake
• Swamps
• Rivers
• Streams
• Ponds
• Tidal Pools

Connect through:
Water cycle - Water evaporates, wind brings it to other areas, it rains down & moves away
Runoffs - Into ocean due to overflow
Migration of animals

Question 2

Hydrosphere

Answer 2

All earth’s water systems

Question 3

Water cycle

Answer 3

Water’s continuous movement process

Question 4

Surface water

Answer 4

Water on earth’s surface

Question 5

Gaseous water

Answer 5

Water in vapour form

Question 6

Evaporation

Answer 6

Water turns into atmospheric vapour with energy

Question 7

Condensation

Answer 7

Vapour becomes liquid droplets

Question 8

Clouds

Answer 8

Collections of condensed water droplets

Question 9

Precipitation

Answer 9

Water falls from then atmosphere

Question 10

Transpiration

Answer 10

Plants release water vapour through leaves

Question 11

Runoff

Answer 11

Water flows accross earth’s surface

Question 12

Infiltration

Answer 12

Water seeps into earth’s ground

Question 13

Ground water

Answer 13

Underground water in rock layers

Question 14

Resevoir

Answer 14

Long term water storage locations naturally

Question 15

In what ways are we impacting the water cycle?

Answer 15

• Pesticides filter through underground channels and reach consumption networks; causes illness from consuming infected animals
• Sewage/Industrial waste - oceans
• Releasing CO2 - causes global warming - causes changing weather patterns.

Question 16

What are the three things that water pollution can be triggered by?

Consequences?

Answer 16

• Agriculture
• Waste
• Sewage

Consequences: Loss of biodiversity, illness

Question 17

Bioaccumulation vs Biomagnification

Answer 17

Bioaccumulation is the buildup of toxins in one organism over time.

Biomagnification is the increase in toxin levels as they move up the food chain. Toxins start with producers and pass to primary consumers.

Question 18

Why are top carnivores most affected by toxins (Biomagnification)?

Answer 18

As predators eat more prey, toxins magnify, and become highest in top predators like sharks and humans.

Question 19

Why do male killer whales live shorter lives?

Answer 19

They have a higher buildup of toxins such as PCBs and mercury stored in their fat, harming their health

Question 20

Why do southern whales have more PCB’s than northern?

Answer 20

Southern populations live in areas where pollution is higher due to more industrial and agricultural runoff

Question 21

Which thing for killer whale is more likely to have more toxins,

1. Type
2. Gender
3. Birth order
4. Location

Answer 21

1. Resident
2. Male
3. Firstborn calf
4. Near big cities

Question 22

Water Cycle (not in notes but helpful background knowledge)

Answer 22

• Evaporation and Transpiration: Water from oceans, rivers, lakes, and plants turns into vapor and rises into the air.
• Condensation: Water vapor cools and forms clouds as tiny droplets gather together.
• Precipitation and Collection: Water falls back to the ground as rain, snow, or hail and collects in rivers, lakes, and oceans, starting the cycle again.