Unit 4 Topic 1 Flashcards
What is DNA?
An information Molecule
What are genes?
Sections of the DNA
Where is DNA located?
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
What are the four bases in DNA?
adenine (A) thymine (T), Guanine (G) and cytosine (C).
Who does A bond with?
T
Who does C always bond with?
G
What do telomeres do?
Protect genetic information
What do HOX genes do?
Enable organisms to develop correct morphology
Is a SRY protein a regulatory protein?
Yes
How does a DNA replication error occur?
When a base turns into another base.
How does a point mutation occur?
When there is an error in a single nucleotide.
What is a frameshift mutation?
A mutation that dislocates the translational reading frame.
What is a deletion?
Removal of a nucleotide from the DNA sequence.
What is insertion?
Adding a nucleotide to the DNA sequence
What is non-disjunction?
Failure of two chromosomes separating during gamete formation.
What are mutagens?
Substances that cause irreversible change in DNA.
What are the two types of mutages?
Physical and Chemical
What is a locus?
A fixed position on a chromosome.
What do heterozygous have?
Two different alleles.
What do Homozygous have?
Identical alleles.
What is polygenic inheritance?
The inheritance of a trait governed by more than one genes
What is an autosomal?
A chromosome that is NOT a sex cell
What is the purpose of Polymerase chain reaction?
Amplify a specific DNA segment.
What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?
A technique to separate DNA or proteins.
