Unit 4 Test

Question 1

Who invented bifocal eyeglasses and a clean-burning stove, and helped develop the U.S. postal system?

Thomas Jefferson

Benjamin Franklin

Elkanah Watson

John Stevens

Answer 1

Benjamin Franklin

Question 2

Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin, but he is also credited with changing American manufacturing by putting what other idea into practice?

hiring women to work in his factories

using water to power mills

speeding up production by adding shifts

using mass-produced, interchangeable parts

Answer 2

using mass-produced, interchangeable parts

Question 3

Which two innovators improved American factory production by using methods from England?

Samuel Slater and Francis Cabot Lowell

Eli Whitney and Cyrus McCormick

John Deere and George Stephenson

Robert Townshend and Phillip Goodman

Answer 3

Samuel Slater and Francis Cabot Lowell

Question 4

Which inventors changed agriculture with machines that worked well on midwestern prairies?

Cyrus Reaper and Robert Plough

Cyrus McCormick and John Deere

Thomas Jefferson and Eli Whitney

Elias Howe and Linus Yale

Answer 4

Cyrus McCormick and John Deere

Question 5

How did geography affect the development of industry in New England?

The small number of ports limited transportation and trade.

Rocky soil and an unpredictable climate made it unsuitable for commercial agriculture.

Large deposits of coal there kept factories running at full production.

Slow-flowing rivers and streams prevented the use of water as a power source.

Answer 5

Rocky soil and an unpredictable climate made it unsuitable for commercial agriculture.

Question 6

What effect did nineteenth century trade embargoes and the War of 1812 have on American industry?

Americans could not import British goods, so they increased their own production.

Americans stockpiled British goods so they would have them during the war.

American industry suffered because raw materials from Britain were not available.

British soldiers took over American factories and limited their production.

Answer 6

Americans could not import British goods, so they increased their own production.

Question 7

Which of the following was the major purpose of improving the roads in nineteenth century America?

to generate toll revenues for the federal government

to improve development of a market economy

to provide greater comfort for citizens wishing to travel

to make westward expansion easier

Answer 7

to improve development of a market economy

Question 8

What was the major purpose in building the Erie Canal?

to connect the Great Lakes to New York City

to create employment for large numbers of citizens, especially immigrants

to showcase the construction ability of the New York state government

to make the case for a federal department of transportation

Answer 8

to connect the Great Lakes to New York City

Question 9

What was an effect of Robert Fulton’s development of steamboat travel?

More people were willing to vacation along the waterways.

The cost of transporting goods became more expensive for farmers.

Westward expansion became much easier.

Trade along the Mississippi River began moving in both directions.

Answer 9

Trade along the Mississippi River began moving in both directions.

Question 10

Which transportation improvement did not make more rapid movement of goods and people across large areas possible?

Conestoga wagons

steamboats

canals

railroads

Answer 10

Conestoga wagons

Question 11

What was the greatest change that Samuel F.B. Morse’s invention of the telegraph brought to communication?

more speed

greater accuracy

additional detail

further depth

Answer 11

more speed

Question 12

What was the impact of Morse’s telegraph on communication?

It sped up the delivery of news and information, promoting the development of a market economy.

It brought a means of rapid communication into the homes of ordinary citizens.

It allowed politicians within a state to prepare more efficiently for their congressional sessions.

It created international avenues for bringing European investment dollars into the American market.

Answer 12

It sped up the delivery of news and information, promoting the development of a market economy.

Question 13

How had the American electorate changed by the election of 1828?

Thanks to the suffragette movement, women in some states were eligible to vote.

With landholding requirements still in place, fewer men were eligible to vote.

With landholding requirements eliminated, most white men were eligible to vote.

Property requirements for voting continued to keep African American men from voting.

Answer 13

With landholding requirements eliminated, most white men were eligible to vote.

Question 14

Who won the popular vote in the election of 1824?

John Quincy Adams

Andrew Jackson

Henry Clay

William Crawford

Answer 14

Andrew Jackson

Question 15

Why did Andrew Jackson believe that he should have been elected president in 1824?

He won both the popular vote and a plurality of electoral votes.

He had served as a strong military leader in the tradition of George Washington.

John Quincy Adams had not held elective office.

Henry Clay should have supported him since he was from a neighboring state.

Answer 15

He won both the popular vote and a plurality of electoral votes.

Question 16

Who supported Andrew Jackson in the election of 1828?

Native Americans who owned property

the common man

women who appreciated his devotion to his wife Rachel

slaves whom he had freed

Answer 16

the common man

Question 17

Which of the following campaign strategies was used in the election of 1828 and is still used today?

bumper stickers and yard signs

negative campaigning

stump speeches

debates

Answer 17

negative campaigning

Question 18

Which of the following is a position that Andrew Jackson took during his administration?

against the Second Bank of the United States

in favor of the Second Bank of the United States

supporter of higher protective tariffs

opponent of Indian removal

Answer 18

against the Second Bank of the United States

Question 19

A crisis erupted in the 1830s over nullification.

What was nullification?

the effect of the Supreme Court declaring laws to be unconstitutional

the idea that a state could declare federal legislation invalid, prevent its enforcement, and possibly secede

the result of a presidential veto that Congress failed to override

the notion that state delegations could change their votes in Congress within the 10 days that the president had to veto legislation

Answer 19

the idea that a state could declare federal legislation invalid, prevent its enforcement, and possibly secede

Question 20

Although it began over the “Tariff of Abominations,” what was the real issue in the debate over nullification?

South Carolina vs. Tennessee

states rights vs. federal authority

the power and role of the vice president

the House of Representatives vs. the Senate

Answer 20

states rights vs. federal authority

Question 21

How was the nullification crisis resolved?

by South Carolina withdrawing its call for nullification

by John C. Calhoun giving in to Andrew Jackson

through a compromise achieved by Henry Clay

with military intervention ordered by Jackson

Answer 21

through a compromise achieved by Henry Clay

Question 22

Why did Andrew Jackson veto the bill renewing the charter of the Second National Bank of the United States?

Too many loans were outstanding.

The federal money supply was large enough.

The Supreme Court had ruled that it was illegal.

It gave little credit to ordinary people.

Answer 22

It gave little credit to ordinary people.

Question 23

What was Andrew Jackson’s belief about Native Americans?

They stood in the way of land acquisition by white men.

They deserved government support.

They should have full citizenship and voting rights.

They could form a government of their own and become allies of the United States.

Answer 23

They stood in the way of land acquisition by white men.

Question 24

What was the Indian Removal Act of 1830?

legislation that Andrew Jackson opposed regarding Indian relocation

legislation that removed five Indian tribes from their lands in the East and relocated them in the West

legislation that removed Indians from their lands and relocated them in Canada

legislation that permitted the Cherokee to remain in Georgia in accordance with a Supreme Court decision

Answer 24

legislation that removed five Indian tribes from their lands in the East and relocated them in the West

Question 25

Which of the following was not true of the Indian Removal Act of 1830?

Originally the Cherokee favored the act.

The removal policy was appealed to the Supreme Court, which decided in favor of the Cherokee.

Fifteen thousand Cherokee were forced to leave their lands and move west.

Andrew Jackson ignored a Supreme Court ruling and forced the Cherokee to move.

Answer 25

Originally the Cherokee favored the act.

Question 26

What was the name given to the forced movement of the Cherokee from their lands in the Southeast to lands further west?

Indian Exodus

Chieftains Trail

Trail of Tears

Creek Confederacy Expedition

Answer 26

Trail of Tears

Question 27

Why did people immigrate to the United States in the nineteenth century?

religious freedom and democracy

gold, potatoes, and freedom

fertile land, jobs, and the chance for a better life

rich water sources, high wages, and the right to vote

Answer 27

fertile land, jobs, and the chance for a better life

Question 28

Abolitionists spoke out against slavery and the Underground Railroad helped slaves escape in the first half of the nineteenth century.

Who were two important people in this movement?

Nat Turner and Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Frederick Douglass and Harriet Tubman

John Tyler and Elizabeth Blackwell

William Henry Harrison and John Ross

Answer 28

Frederick Douglass and Harriet Tubman

Question 29

Which was not a reason for westward expansion during the first part of the nineteenth century?

Farmers wanted land on midwestern prairies.

Transportation had improved.

Commerce could move two ways on the Mississippi.

Indian removal made the Midwest safe.

Answer 29

Indian removal made the Midwest safe.

Question 30

What was the effect of improved transportation on the economy of the United States in the early 1800s?

It caused a transition from a subsistence economy to a market economy.

Fewer people were needed to produce goods.

It allowed inventors to share ideas more quickly.

The economy went into a recession due to increased transportation costs.

Answer 30

It caused a transition from a subsistence economy to a market economy.

Question 31

Which transportation issue was heavily debated in the early 1800s?

the question of federal vs. state funding

the status and employment of immigrants

the decision about who would control interstate commerce

the problem of whether companies or governments would be responsible for maintenance

Answer 31

the question of federal vs. state funding

Question 32

Which headline would most likely have appeared in a southern newspaper in the early 1800s?

Factory Opening Draws Crowd

City Growth Hits New Heights

Cotton Shipment Arrives

Four Slaves Escape

Answer 32

Four Slaves Escape