Unit 4 Study Guide

Question 1

Define evolution

Answer 1

the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.

Question 2

Who as responsible for adopting the theory of evolution?

Answer 2

Charles Darwin

Question 3

Why were Darwin’s ideas so controversial?

Answer 3

Because it went against the ideas of Christianity

Question 4

Natural selection

Answer 4

Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype.

Question 5

What are vestigial organs?

Answer 5

Organs that were once used but are no longer required. They are now functionally useless

Question 6

What was the ship that carried Charles Darwin?

Answer 6

H.M.S. Beagle

Question 7

Insecticide resistance

Answer 7

Insects become resistant to insecticides and can live through them

Question 8

MRSA

Answer 8

became resistant to methicilin

Question 9

Bajau people

Answer 9

Bigger spleen to allow more oxygen-rich blood. Allows them to hold breath extra long.

Question 10

Andes people

Answer 10

Have more red blood cells to hold oxygen.

Question 11

Himalayan people

Answer 11

Breathe faster

Question 12

Lactose persistence

Answer 12

All mammals are lactose intolerant except for some humans. Changes in genetic code

Question 13

Peppered moth

Answer 13

Began white but due to the changes of tree color, became black to blend in.

Question 14

Define phylogeny

Answer 14

the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms

Question 15

What is a clade?

Answer 15

A group of organisms believed to have come from a common ancestor