DNA - Colson Grant

Question 1

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 1

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 2

What are the monomers of DNA?

Answer 2

Nucleotides

Question 3

What are the 4 nitrogen bases in DNA?

Answer 3

Thymine, adenine, cytosine, guanine

Question 4

What shape is DNA configured in?

Answer 4

Double-helix

Question 5

What 4 scientists discovered the double-helix pattern?

Answer 5

Watson, Crick, Wilkins, Franklin

Question 6

What enzyme separates DNA?

Answer 6

DNA helicase

Question 7

What enzyme combines DNA back together?

Answer 7

DNA polymerase

Question 8

What are the 4 differences between DNA and RNA?

Answer 8

-DNA can’t leave the nucleus, but RNA can
-DNA has 2 strands, but RNA has only 1
-DNA has thymine, RNA has uracil
-The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while the sugar in RNA is ribose

Question 9

What is the universal start codon and what amino acid does it code for?

Answer 9

AUG; methionine

Question 10

What does the word “mutation mean”

Answer 10

Change

Question 11

Mutations that cause a change in a single gene are called

Answer 11

gene mutations

Question 12

Mutations that cause a change in a single gene are called

Answer 12

Chromosomal mutations

Question 13

What are the 3 examples of gene (point) mutation

Answer 13

Insertion, deletion, substitution

Question 14

Insertions and deletions usually result in frameshift mutations - what is a frameshift mutation?

Answer 14

A mutation that leaves part of a codon, meaning that there is no corresponding amino acid since it is not a complete codon

Question 15

What are the 4 types of chromosomal mutation?

Answer 15

Translocation, deletion, duplication, and inversion