Unit 4 Study Guide Flashcards
Abnormal Findings in the respiratory
Shortness of breath, Low 02, mucous, cough, wheezing, inflammation, apnea
Abnormal findings in the Cardiovascular
Edema, hypertension/hypotension, dysrhythmia, Swelling
Where can the apical pulse be taken?
5 intercostal rib at left midclavicular
Why would an electrocardiogram be performed?
Show heart activity through repeat cardiac cycles.
Some more reasons why:
Find out if you had a heart attack in the past but didn’t know it.
Monitor your heart if you have a known heart condition.
Check how well your heart treatment is working, including medicine and/or a pacemaker.
Check your heart health: Before having surgery
How is an electrocardiogram performed?
Record heart electric signals which cause the heart to beat.
What does RED BLOOD CELLS (RBCs) do?
Carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
What does White Blood Cells (WBC’s) do?
Help the body fight infection and other diseases
What does Platelets do?
Help Prevent Bleeding
Explain Arteries
Carry Oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body.
Further explained:
These strong, muscular blood vessels carry oxygen-rich blood from your heart to your body. They handle a large amount of force and pressure from your blood flow but don’t carry a large volume of blood. At any given time, only about 10% to 15% of your body’s blood is in your arteries.
Explain Veins
Carry deoxygenated blood to the heart.
Further explained:
Veins: Unlike arteries, veins don’t have to carry highly pressurized blood, but they do have to carry large volumes of deoxygenated blood back to your heart. Thin, less elastic walls help them handle high volumes and low pressure. Most veins have valves that open and close. The valves control blood flow and keep your blood flowing in one direction. About 75% of your blood is in your veins.
Explain Capillaries
Exchanges gases, exchange of material between blood and tissue cells.
Further explained:
Capillaries: These tiny blood vessels have thin walls. Oxygen and nutrients from the blood can move through the walls and get into organs and tissues. The capillaries also take waste products away from your tissues. Capillaries are where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged for carbon dioxide and waste.
Explain Arterioles
Arterioles: Arteries branch into smaller vessels called arterioles. Both arteries and arterioles are very flexible. They get bigger or smaller to help maintain your body’s blood pressure.
Explain Venules
Venules: Veins begin as tiny vessels called venules and get gradually larger as they near your heart. Venules receive blood from capillaries.
Pathway of Electricity through the heart
Sa node> AV> Bundle of His > Left and Right Bundle Branches> Purkinje Fibers
Explain Diastole
Ventricular Fill
