unit 4) solutions

Question 1

Soluble meaning

Answer 1

substance which dissolves in its
solvent

Question 2

Solvent meaning

Answer 2

substance doing the dissolving (water is
the most common solvent Universal solvent)

Question 3

Solute

Answer 3

-substance dissolved

Question 4

Insoluble

Answer 4

substance not able to dissolve in a particular
solvent

Question 5

Electrolyte

Answer 5

solution which conducts electricity ionic acides and bases (non-electrolyte is solution doesnt conduct electicitry molecular )

Question 6

homogenous mixtures need to at least have what

Answer 6

at least one solute and one solvent

Question 7

why is water universal solvent

Answer 7

all aq have water as solvent
- allows more molecular movment more change collisions
- leads to greater surface area more area for molecules to interact

Question 8

homogeneous mixture

Answer 8

the mixtures dissolved uniformly distruibuited (looks like one substance)

Question 9

hetrogenous mixture

Answer 9

dont dissolved not uniformly distruibuited (can see different substances / things)

Question 10

dissociation definiton

Answer 10

soulble ionic compounds (includes bases) will break into ions and be aq

Question 11

dissolving def

Answer 11

molecular compounds (includes acids) have their molecules break but it doesnt form the ions

Question 12

when ionic and soluble what does the dissociation process look like

Answer 12

it would break into the ions and be aq on the product side

Question 13

when ionic / base and arn’t soluble what does it do

Answer 13

stays the same state of matter and it stays as a compound not ions

Question 14

when dissociation equation with acids what do you do

Answer 14

they are reacting with water so its the process of ionization so itll be written same as ionic compounds when soluble aswell

Question 15

what do products look like for a base dissociation equation and soluble

Answer 15

there will be ion and OH as aq on product side

Question 16

diffrence between dissociation and ionization

Answer 16

ionization is the creation of ions and convert atoms into ions
and dissociation are when ions are already there but just need to be broken apart

Question 17

what was arrhenious therory for acids

Answer 17

they ionize to produce H+ (aq) ions that react with OH to produce water

Question 18

acid traits

Answer 18

• turn blue litmus red
• electrolytes
  -neutralizes bases

Question 19

what was arrhenious therory for bases

Answer 19

they dissociate to form OH (aq)
- if OH reacts with H forms water

Question 20

bases traits

Answer 20

• turn red litmus blue
• electrolytes
  -neutralizes acids

Question 21

endothermic

Answer 21

it gains energy from surroundings (surrounding temp goes down)

Question 22

exothermic

Answer 22

loses energy from surroundings (surrounding temp goes up)

Question 23

breaking bonds absorbe what

Answer 23

breaking the bonds absorbes energy

Question 24

when bonds fromed energy is what

Answer 24

energy is realesed

Question 25

when energy went in is less then out leading to net loss is it endo or exo

Answer 25

exothermic because itll be more energy relased (energy lost)

Question 26

when energy went out is less then went in to net loss is it endo or exo

Answer 26

endo because itll be more energy into (energy gained)

Question 27

when increase in temp endo exo

Answer 27

increse temp is exo
decrease is eno

Question 28

when major entities for molecular, ionic, bases not soluble what do entities look like

Answer 28

theyll be the same state of matter and wont dissociate written with h2o

Question 29

when major entities for ionic/bases and soluble what do enties look like

Answer 29

theyll be singular ions that are (aq) each and written with h2o (note when OH dont write as H O keep as OH)

Question 30

when major entities for molecular how to tell if soluble or not

Answer 30

has alcohles endings ol
sugars endings ose
hydrogen peroxide H2O2
ammonia NH4

(all are soluble)

Question 31

when major entities for molecular and soluble what do entites look like

Answer 31

theyll be still not listed as dissociation ions so compound just change to (aq) (when not soluble just regular state fo matter)

Question 32

when major entites for acids what does entites look like

Answer 32

when strong acids break into ions with (aq) and water

when weak stays the same compundly written (aq) aswell and water

Question 33

ppm formula

Answer 33

c=m(mg)/m(kg) or c=m(mg)/m(L)

Question 34

1 ppm is equal to what

Answer 34

1mg/L

Question 35

when comparing volume / weight by percent which one top / bottem

Answer 35

solute (smaller #) on top bigger bottem times by 100 is percent

Question 36

amount molar concentration formula

Answer 36

c=n/v

Question 37

what units are allowed in the amount molar con formula

Answer 37

c=mmol/L
c=mol/L
c=mmol/ml

Question 38

what units are never allowed in the amount molar con fomula

Answer 38

c= mol/ml

Question 39

whats steps for ion concentration

Answer 39

you write dissociation equation
then required / given times concenteratio given = other concentration

(somtimes when askes for mass
1- find required concentration put into c=n/v to find n moles
2- put into n=m/M formula rearranged )

Question 40

When wants mass of product of dissociation equation and given g and L what would process be

Answer 40

1- find number moles with n=m/M
2- find concentration with c=n/v
3- Use concentration and times by balancing ratio

Question 41

when using m/v x 100% what units does it have to be

Answer 41

g/ml

Question 42

When looking for slute in a percent formula what do you do

Answer 42

Times % given by solution /100

Question 43

When timesing 1000 make sure units get …

Answer 43

Smaller

Question 44

When questions say - disolved in - what’s solution

Answer 44

You have to add them to get solution

Question 45

When looking solution and given solute % and solute what formula

Answer 45

100% × solute /solute %