UNIT 4 ➜ SAC 2 (Antigens + Immunity)

Question 1

3 LINES OF DEFENCE
a) General description of what they do
b) Are they innate or adaptive?

Answer 1

1st - Prevents pathogen entry to the body (Innate/Non-specific)

2nd - Broad immune response (Innate/Non-specific)

3rd - A particular infection causes a specific response (Adaptive/Specific)

Question 2

Passive VS Active immunity

Define both types and provide 2 examples (natural and artificial) for each type

Answer 2

PASSIVE
Individuals receive antibodies from an external source
- Natural: Mother to child (placenta + breastmilk)
- Artificial: Injection of antibodies (e.g. anti venom)

ACTIVE
Individuals produce their own antibodies in response to an antigen stimulating their immune system
- Natural: Exposed to a pathogen
- Artificial: Vaccination (injecting part of the pathogen)