unit 4 sac 1b

Question 1

sustainability

Answer 1

meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Question 2

social sustainability

Answer 2

creating an equitable society that meets the needs if all citizens and can be maintained indefinitely

Question 3

economic sustainability

Answer 3

ensuring that average incomes in all countries are adequate to sustain a decent standard of living and continue to rise in line with inflation and living costs in the future

Question 4

environmental sustainability

Answer 4

ensuring the natural environment is used in a way that will preserve resources into the future

Question 5

human development

Answer 5

creating an environment in which people can develop to their full potentials and lead productive, creative lives according to their needs and interests.

Question 6

human development index

Answer 6

a tool developed by the UN which ranks a country’s level of social and economic development. a single statistic between 1-0 based on 3 dimensions (live long healthy lives, knowledge, a decent standard of living) and 4 indicators (life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling and GNI per capita.

Question 7

mean years of schooling

Answer 7

the average number of years of education achieved by those aged 25 and over

Question 8

expected years of schooling

Answer 8

the average number of years of education expected for a child of school entrance age

Question 9

life expectancy at birth

Answer 9

an indication of how long as person can expect, the number of years of life remaining to a person at birth if death rates don’t change

Question 10

conflict

Answer 10

the absence of peace within a country

Question 11

mass migration

Answer 11

a migration of large groups of people from one geographical area to another

Question 12

world trade

Answer 12

the world trade business that involves making and collecting payments for transactions in goods and services and transporting them to interested markets

Question 13

tourism

Answer 13

Tourism is the activity of people traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for leisure, business, or other purposes for a certain period

Question 14

digital technologies

Answer 14

electronic tools, systems, devices, and resources that generate, store, or process data

Question 15

examples of environmental sustainability

Answer 15

• biodiversity
• climate change
• waste removal and pollution
• use of natural resources

Question 16

examples of social sustainability

Answer 16

• elimination of poverty and provision of social protection systems
• peace and security
• promotion of political and legal rights
• access to safe and decent working conditions
• gender equality

Question 17

examples of economic sustainability

Answer 17

-innovations and diversity of industries
- job creation
- economic growth
- trade

Question 18

examples of human development

Answer 18

• full potential
• lead productive creative lives
• expanding peoples choices
• enhancing peoples capabilities
• access to knowledge, health and decent standard of living
• participating in the life of their communities

Question 19

3 dimensions of HD

Answer 19

1. a long healthy life
2. knowledge
3. a decent standard of living

Question 20

4 indicators of HD

Answer 20

1. life expectancy at birth
2. mean years of schooling
3. expected years of schooling
4. GNI per capita

Question 21

advantages of HDI

Answer 21

1. more then just average incomes= more comprehensive representation of HD in a country
2. an indication of opportunities of education.
3. a composite statistic makes comparisons easier

Question 22

disadvantages of HDI

Answer 22

1. only reflects selected aspects= doesnt measure inequalities within a country eg discrimination
2. based on averages
3. no survey data are collected= peoples feelings and issues are not reflected

Question 23

conflict and mass migration link to health outcomes in low and high income countries

Answer 23

low income countries= less politically stable= more conflict and mass migration= more morbidity and mortality rates

Question 24

tourism link to health outcomes in low and high income countries