unit 4 outcome 1b Flashcards
understanding of human development
- putting people at the centre of development
- looks at how the country is looking after its people
- opportunities, healthcare, education
human development definition?
PPPCCKHD
creating an environment in which people can develop to their full potential and lead productive, creative lives according to their needs and interests. It is about expanding peoples choices and enhancing capabilities ( the range of things people can be and do), having access to knowledge, health and a decent standard of living and participating in the life of their community and decisions affecting their lives.
human development index
a long and healthy life- life expectancy at birth knowledge - mean years of schooling - expected years of schooling a decent standard of living- GNI
what are the 3 dimensions?
- a long and healthy life
- knowledge
- a decent standard of living
what are the 4 indicators?
- LE at birth
- Mean years of schooling
- expected years of schooling
- GNI
what is the human development index?
a tool developed by the United Nations and is a single statistic from 0-1 based on a countries social and economic development
HDI rankings
0.8 higher = very high
0.7-0.79= high
0.55-0.69=medium
below 0.55= low
advantages of the HDI
- captures and compares majority of countries
- it is a simple statistic but is mutidimensional 4+3
- easy to compare
- doesn’t just include income
- includes social development and education
disadvantages of the HDI
- doesn’t consider safewater, employment available, social security and gender equality
- data from developing countries can be hard to find or unreliable
- quality of education
- life expectancy doesn’t measure good health
- unequal access to education within the country e.g. rural
what is sustainability ?
meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own needs
what are the 3 dimensions of sustainability?
- economic
- social
- environmental
what is climate change? What causes it?
refers to the increase in the earths average surface temperature . It is mostly caused form human activity such as the boring of fossil fuels
increases global temperature leads to…?
melting polar ice caps- rising sea levels -greater storm damage
increased ocean temperature
increased rain fall - increased flooding and weather damage
increase in heat waves- bushfires- loss of homes and lives
climate change impact of health and wellbeing (PEMSS)
metal - loss of income means loss of resources and shelter which leads to higher stress
- living in extreme weather can cause anxiety
social - extreme weather events may stop you from seeing your friends
- destroy social places e.g.. cafe, school
spiritual- extreme weather events may cause people to leave there homes which means lose of sense of belonging - what is there purpose
emotional- loss of houses can be sad and feelings of grief
physical- reduced access of food meaning malnutrition - increase risk of injury from fires and floods - loss of hospitals
what is mass migration?
a migration of a large groups of people from one geographical area to another
what is the impact on health and wellbeing of conflict and mass migration?
mental- people living in fear - stress, anxiety - don’t know where they are going to end up - overall increased mental problems
social- loss of social support network ( know school or work) - can loose meaningful relationships -an become isolated and withdrawn
emotional- people may struggle to manage emotions in such helpless conditions
physical- increased injury, mortality (all), sexual assault, communicable diseases, malnutrition
spiritual - lost sense of belonging as left there house - lost peace and harmony- lost purpose and meaning
what is world trade ?
the worldwide business that involves making and collecting payments for transactions in goods and services and transporting them to an interested market
positives of world trade
- more jobs
- higher average income
- greater choices
- fair trade
what is the increase in world trades impact on health and wellbeing?
physical- increased trade means more income which can be spent in the health care system, food and shelter
- this reduces rates of malnutrition, injury and infectious diseases
spiritual- increased sense of purpose and meaning through employment
mental- less stress and anxiety as they can work and earn an income for family
- same from fair trade
social- higher income means more kids can go to school which means making new connections - parents working and expanding friend - have money to go out and see people
negatives of world trade
- can cause slave labour in low income countries
- h/w being of workers
positive impacts of tourism
- increase average income which enables people to buy food, shelter, water which mean less sickness (physical)
- helps to promote cultures and remove prejudice which improves mental, social and spiritual
- often leads to an improvement of infrastructure and facilities
negatives of tourism
- water pollution
- causes infections from polluted water
- infectious diseases can be transported between countries
- some activities are dangerous
- countries can rely on it
examples of digital technologies and increased knowledge
- maintenance of health records
- bushfire, floods and tsunami warnings
- internet based fitness and nutrition guides
- WHO send disease control messages
what is the impact that digital technologies and increased knowledge impact on and wellbeing?
physical- more access to health information which increases health literacy and stops spread of disease
- getting warnings about events which stops injuryy and illness
- more trade and more jobs
mental- alerts about events can stop stress
- more access to trade meaning more jobs
- increasing skills = more self belief
social- more jobs and better education meaning meeting new people
- being bale to connect with people whilst using technology
spiritual- sense of belonging
