unit 4 outcome 1b

Question 1

understanding of human development

Answer 1

• putting people at the centre of development
• looks at how the country is looking after its people
• opportunities, healthcare, education

Question 2

human development definition?

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Answer 2

creating an environment in which people can develop to their full potential and lead productive, creative lives according to their needs and interests. It is about expanding peoples choices and enhancing capabilities ( the range of things people can be and do), having access to knowledge, health and a decent standard of living and participating in the life of their community and decisions affecting their lives.

Question 3

human development index

Answer 3

a long and healthy life- life expectancy at birth 
knowledge
- mean years of schooling 
  - expected years of schooling 
a decent standard of living- GNI

Question 4

what are the 3 dimensions?

Answer 4

• a long and healthy life
• knowledge
• a decent standard of living

Question 5

what are the 4 indicators?

Answer 5

• LE at birth
• Mean years of schooling
• expected years of schooling
• GNI

Question 6

what is the human development index?

Answer 6

a tool developed by the United Nations and is a single statistic from 0-1 based on a countries social and economic development

Question 7

HDI rankings

Answer 7

0.8 higher = very high
0.7-0.79= high
0.55-0.69=medium
below 0.55= low

Question 8

advantages of the HDI

Answer 8

• captures and compares majority of countries
• it is a simple statistic but is mutidimensional 4+3
• easy to compare
• doesn’t just include income
• includes social development and education

Question 9

disadvantages of the HDI

Answer 9

• doesn’t consider safewater, employment available, social security and gender equality
• data from developing countries can be hard to find or unreliable
• quality of education
• life expectancy doesn’t measure good health
• unequal access to education within the country e.g. rural

Question 10

what is sustainability ?

Answer 10

meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own needs

Question 11

what are the 3 dimensions of sustainability?

Answer 11

• economic
• social
• environmental

Question 12

what is climate change? What causes it?

Answer 12

refers to the increase in the earths average surface temperature . It is mostly caused form human activity such as the boring of fossil fuels

Question 13

increases global temperature leads to…?

Answer 13

melting polar ice caps- rising sea levels -greater storm damage

increased ocean temperature
increased rain fall - increased flooding and weather damage

increase in heat waves- bushfires- loss of homes and lives

Question 14

climate change impact of health and wellbeing (PEMSS)

Answer 14

metal - loss of income means loss of resources and shelter which leads to higher stress
- living in extreme weather can cause anxiety

social - extreme weather events may stop you from seeing your friends
- destroy social places e.g.. cafe, school

spiritual- extreme weather events may cause people to leave there homes which means lose of sense of belonging - what is there purpose

emotional- loss of houses can be sad and feelings of grief

physical- reduced access of food meaning malnutrition - increase risk of injury from fires and floods - loss of hospitals

Question 15

what is mass migration?

Answer 15

a migration of a large groups of people from one geographical area to another

Question 16

what is the impact on health and wellbeing of conflict and mass migration?

Answer 16

mental- people living in fear - stress, anxiety - don’t know where they are going to end up - overall increased mental problems

social- loss of social support network ( know school or work) - can loose meaningful relationships -an become isolated and withdrawn

emotional- people may struggle to manage emotions in such helpless conditions

physical- increased injury, mortality (all), sexual assault, communicable diseases, malnutrition

spiritual - lost sense of belonging as left there house - lost peace and harmony- lost purpose and meaning

Question 17

what is world trade ?

Answer 17

the worldwide business that involves making and collecting payments for transactions in goods and services and transporting them to an interested market

Question 18

positives of world trade

Answer 18

• more jobs
• higher average income
• greater choices
• fair trade

Question 19

what is the increase in world trades impact on health and wellbeing?

Answer 19

physical- increased trade means more income which can be spent in the health care system, food and shelter
- this reduces rates of malnutrition, injury and infectious diseases

spiritual- increased sense of purpose and meaning through employment

mental- less stress and anxiety as they can work and earn an income for family
- same from fair trade

social- higher income means more kids can go to school which means making new connections - parents working and expanding friend - have money to go out and see people

Question 20

negatives of world trade

Answer 20

• can cause slave labour in low income countries

- h/w being of workers

Question 21

positive impacts of tourism

Answer 21

• increase average income which enables people to buy food, shelter, water which mean less sickness (physical)
• helps to promote cultures and remove prejudice which improves mental, social and spiritual
• often leads to an improvement of infrastructure and facilities

Question 22

negatives of tourism

Answer 22

• water pollution
• causes infections from polluted water
• infectious diseases can be transported between countries
• some activities are dangerous
• countries can rely on it

Question 23

examples of digital technologies and increased knowledge

Answer 23

• maintenance of health records
• bushfire, floods and tsunami warnings
• internet based fitness and nutrition guides
• WHO send disease control messages

Question 24

what is the impact that digital technologies and increased knowledge impact on and wellbeing?

Answer 24

physical- more access to health information which increases health literacy and stops spread of disease

• getting warnings about events which stops injuryy and illness
• more trade and more jobs

mental- alerts about events can stop stress

• more access to trade meaning more jobs
• increasing skills = more self belief

social- more jobs and better education meaning meeting new people
- being bale to connect with people whilst using technology

spiritual- sense of belonging

Question 25

what is social sustainability?

Answer 25

creating an equitable society that meets the needs of all citizens and can be maintained indefinitely

Question 26

what are some aspects of social sustainability?

Answer 26

• equal access to education (girls pass knowledge, Heather kids)
• development of health care ( access, affordable)
• legal and political system (laws within countries uphold human rights, woman are also represented)
• social support systems ( assist the most vulnerable e.g. nursing homes for elder)
• gender equality ( violence against woman, equal access to everything)

Question 27

how does social sustainability promote health and wellbeing on a global scale?

Answer 27

education - educates people to understand health promotion messages = earn income= basic prerequisites = reduces poverty globally ( physical)
- builds communication= meaningful relationships= participation in community ( social)

healthcare- treat more people= reduced the spread of disease globally ( physical)
- people should get treatment regardless of their pay = reduces anxiety and stress

legal and political system -less corruption= less violence= less injury wolrd wide

• less corruption = less crime less stress
• increase sense of belonging as everyone is getting treated fair)

social support - most vulnerable people get support = can afford basic essentials = reduced illness = higher physical = lower disease globally
- social supper t= less stress

gender equality- less discrimination on girls= lower rates of child marrage = reduced rates of maternal mortality
- school = social = valued in society

Question 28

what is environmental sustainability?

Answer 28

ensuring the natural environment is used in a way that will preserve resources into the future

Question 29

what are some aspects of environmental sustainability ?

Answer 29

• responsible use of renewable and nonrenewable resources ( should be enough for suture generation)
• sustainable agricultural practises ( save water, crop diversification)
• waste management/ pollution control ( insures clean waterways , clean air )

Question 30

how does environmental sustainability promote health and wellbeing on a global scale?

Answer 30

responsible use of resources - available food products such as fish and water = increase physical health
- future generations can use the land as income = more access to prerequisite which increases overall health

sustainable agriculture pratises - crop roataiton allows for a range of crops = reducing malnutrition = higher physical health
- farmers can earn higher income = increase in range of trade = improved heath

waste management - reduces risk of water borne diseases such as cholera = increase physical

• children can attend school when disease is control = increase in alll areas
• reduced air pollution = reduced respitory condition = higher physical health

Question 31

what is economic sustainability?

Answer 31

ensuring that the average income in all countries new adequate to sustain a decent standard of living and rise inline with inflation and living cost in the future.

Question 32

what are the aspects of economic sustainability?

Answer 32

• employment ( lots of opportunities at good wage = increases taxes)
• Trading opportunities ( economy can grow, fair trade)
• developed industries (diverse range of industry, not just agriculture)
• sustainable income ( increase inline with inflation)

Question 33

how does economic sustainability promote health and wellbeing on a global scale?

Answer 33

• employment = high employment = more income = more taxes = more facilities and infrastructure = increase all aspects
• more opportunities to be connected with community = increased spiritual
• trading opportunities = fair trade = reduces poverty
• increased trade = increased income = more facilities
• developed industries = enhance economic growth = more stable if one industry crashes = increased income =increaded all health
• sustainable incomes - essential resources stay affordable = food = improving physical health
• less people on government benefits= increased money = increased facilities and infrastructure = increase health