Unit 4 - Nutrition: Balanced diets

Question 1

What is a diet?

Answer 1

A selection of food a person eats each day.

Question 2

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 2

A diet that contains the right amount of food from ALL 4 food groups, including water and fibre, to keep you healthy.

Question 3

What is fibre?

Answer 3

The tough part of plant food that you can’t digest, but it’s good for your DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. Also called ROUGHAGE. Eg Oats and whole wheat.

Question 4

Which foods contain a lot of WATER and FIBRE?

Answer 4

Fresh vegetables & juicy fruits.

Apples are 80% water.

Question 5

What is junk food?

Answer 5

It is food that is:

1. High in SUGAR, FAT & SALT.
2. Lots of food additives
3. Little protein
4. Little nutritional value

It is give you energy, BUT does not feed your body!

Question 6

Give 3 examples of junk food.

Answer 6

Sweets
Biscuits
Ice cream
Fizzy cooldrinks
Chips
Fast food

Question 7

What is Fast Food?

Answer 7

Fast food is FRIED food or TAKEAWAY food.
The food is quickly prepared and highly processed.

EXAMPLES
Pies
Hotdogs
Burgers
Pizzas
Takeaway food - KFC, Steers, McDonald's

Question 8

What can happen if you don’t follow a healthy diet?

Answer 8

You can get sick and you could develop a CHRONIC disease (eg. diabetes) or DEFICIENCY disease (eg. kwashiorkor).

Question 9

What is tooth decay?

Answer 9

When a person’s teeth start DYING or ROTTING.

Question 10

How does tooth decay occur?

OR

Why is eating sugary foods bad for your teeth?

Answer 10

• When we eat, food gets TRAPPED in small spaces between our teeth.
• BACTERIA in our mouth attack this food and produce ACID.
• This acid eats away at our teeth which makes HOLES (cavities).
• These bacteria feed on SUGARS, which is why eating sugary foods is bad for your teeth.

Question 11

What is diabetes?

Answer 11

It’s a disease in which the body can’t control its BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS.

Question 12

What can cause Type 2 diabetes?

Answer 12

It can be caused by eating too many SUGARY foods & drinking too many SWEET drinks.

Question 13

How is the diet of people with diabetes affected?

Answer 13

1. They have to be very careful about what they EAT.

2. Some have to inject themselves with INSULIN to keep their sugar levels correct.

Question 14

What is obesity?

Answer 14

It is a condition of being unhealthily OVERWEIGHT.

Question 15

What causes obesity?

Answer 15

1. Eating TOO MUCH food, especially foods high in SUGARS & FATS.
2. Too little exercise.

Question 16

What diseases can obesity lead to?

Answer 16

1. Diabetes (eating too much SUGAR)
2. Heart disease (eating too much FAT)
3. Hypertension / High blood pressure (eating too much SALT)

Question 17

What is kwashiorkor?

Answer 17

It is a form of malnutrition caused by too little protein in the diet.

Question 18

What does a child with kwashiorkor look like?

Answer 18

Swollen tummy, dry hair and flakey skin.

Question 19

How does kwashiorkor occur?

Answer 19

When the child no longer gets his mother’s protein-rich breastmilk. Protein starvation causes a build-up of fluid in the blood, which makes the stomach swell.

Question 20

What does the diet for hungry children include?

Answer 20

Peanut butter
Milk powder

Because they are PROTEIN-rich foods.