Unit 4 Key Terms (The Civil War, Reconstruction, and Closing the West)

Question 1

Union

Answer 1

an organization formed by workers who join together and use their strength to have a voice in their workplace

Question 2

Abraham Lincoln

Question 2

Confederacy

Answer 2

a group of people, countries, organizations, etc. joined together for a common purpose or by a common interest

Question 2

Anaconda Plan

Answer 2

The plan called for a naval blockade of the Confederate littoral, a thrust down the Mississippi, and the strangulation of the South by Union land and naval forces.

Question 2

Emancipation Proclamation

Answer 2

The proclamation declared “that all persons held as slaves” within the rebellious states “are, and henceforward shall be free.”

Question 3

Reconstruction

Answer 3

the historic period in which the United States grappled with the question of how to integrate millions of newly freed African Americans into social, political, and labor systems.

Question 4

Lincoln and Johnson’s Plan for Reconstruction

Answer 4

Lincoln wanted to ensure rights, such as voting, for the formerly enslaved, Johnson’s plan did not have these same requirements.

Question 5

Freedmen’s Bureau

Answer 5

provide food, shelter, clothing, medical services, and land to displaced Southerners, including newly freed African Americans.

Question 6

13th amendment

Answer 6

abolished slavery

Question 6

14th amendment

Answer 6

grant citizenship to “All persons born or naturalized in the United States,” thereby granting citizenship to formerly enslaved people

Question 7

15th amendment

Answer 7

vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude

Question 8

Plessy vs Ferguson

Answer 8

racial segregation laws did not violate the U.S. Constitution as long as the facilities for each race were equal in quality

Question 9

Jim Crow Laws

Answer 9

enforced racial segregation

Question 10

Sharecropping and Tenant Farming

Answer 10

sharecroppers did not own anything needed for farming the land, which they also did not own. Tenant farmers may own a home near the land and also own all their own seeds, fertilizer, tools, and beasts of burden.

Question 11

Morill Land Grant Act

Answer 11

provided the state with the funds to establish a public university

Question 11

Homestead Act

Answer 11

provided 160 acres of federal land to anyone who agreed to farm the land

Question 12

Dawes Act

Answer 12

authorized the President to break up reservation land, which was held in common by the members of a tribe, into small allotments to be parceled out to individuals

Question 13

Assimilation

Answer 13

the process of becoming similar to others by taking in and using their customs and culture

Question 13

Imperialism

Answer 13

when a country extends its power into other territories for economic or political gain

Question 14

Populism

Answer 14

the idea of “the people

Question 15

The Spanish American War

Answer 15

a conflict between the United States and Spain
and ended Spain’s empire in the Western Hemisphere

Question 16

Dollar Diplomacy

Answer 16

the use of a country’s financial power to extend its international influence.

Question 16

Big Stick Diplomacy

Answer 16

negotiating peacefully but also having strength in case things go wrong. Simultaneously threatening with the “big stick”, or the military

Question 17

Moral Diplomacy

Answer 17

the system in which support is given only to countries whose beliefs are analogous to that of the nation

Question 18

Chinese Exclusion Act

Answer 18

main goal of the Chinese exclusion act? decrease Chinese immigration
It was the first significant law restricting immigration into the United
This act provided an absolute 10-year ban on Chinese laborers immigrating to the United States