Unit 1 key terms (Foundations of America and the Revolutionary)

Question 1

what is Mercantilism?

Answer 1

trade from mother country to colonies and colonies to the mother county but never colony to colony.

Question 2

what were the Causes of the French and Indian War?

Answer 2

argument about whether the upper Ohio River valley was a part of the British Empire, and therefore open for trade and settlement by Virginians and Pennsylvanians, or part of the French Empire

Question 3

what were the Effects of the French and Indian War?

Answer 3

treaty of Paris, great Britain territorial gains, french were expelled from “New World”

Question 4

what was The Boston Tea Party?

Answer 4

tax on tea from great Britain. (political protest by dumping tea in water.)

Question 5

what was the Battle of Saratoga?

Answer 5

a turning point in the American struggle for independence

Question 6

what was the The Revolutionary War?

Answer 6

also known as the American Revolution was the conflict about Americas independence.

Question 7

what was Thomas Paine’s Common Sense about?

Answer 7

advocated independence to Great Britain from the thirteen colonies.

Question 8

what was the Writs of Assistance about?

Answer 8

general search warrants that British American courts began issuing to empower customs officials to combat smuggling.

Question 9

What was Shay’s Rebellion?

Answer 9

it was a series of violent attacks on courthouses and other government properties due to the debt crisis.

Question 10

What were the Strengths of the Articles of Confederation?

Answer 10

provided a clear outline of powers in the central government.

Question 11

What were some Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

Answer 11

Congress commanded little respect and no support from state governments anxious to maintain their power. Congress could not raise funds, regulate trade, or conduct foreign policy without the voluntary agreement of the states.

Question 12

What was The Constitutional Convention about?

Answer 12

addressed the problems of the weak central government that existed under the Articles of Confederation.

Question 13

What was The New Jersey Plan?

Answer 13

designed to protect the security and power of the small states by limiting each state to one vote in Congress.

Question 14

What was The Virginia Plan?

Answer 14

outlined a strong national government with three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial.

Question 15

What was The Great Compromise?

Answer 15

each state would get two representatives in the Senate and a variable number of representatives in the House in proportion to its population.

Question 16

What was The 3/5ths Compromise?

Answer 16

three out of every five slaves was counted when determining a state’s total population for legislative representation and taxation.

Question 17

What was the Proclamation of 1763?

Answer 17

a British-produced boundary marked in the Appalachian Mountains at the Eastern Continental Divide.

Question 18

What was The Federalist Papers?

Answer 18

The essays urged the ratification of the United States Constitution, which had been debated and drafted at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787.