Unit 4 Key Terms

Question 1

ATP(Adenosine Phosphate)

Answer 1

A small molecule used as a direct energy source.

Question 2

Chloroplasts

Answer 2

The cell where photosynthesis occurs.

Question 3

Phosphorylation

Answer 3

A chemical reaction where a phosphate is added to another molecule. ADP turns to ATP

Question 4

Glucose

Answer 4

A simple carbohydrate. The primary output of photosynthesis and the primary input of cellular respiration

Question 5

Photosynthesis

Answer 5

The pathway that uses light to build carbohydrates from CO2

Question 6

Chemical potential energy

Answer 6

The energy stored in the bonds of molecules

Question 7

Light-dependent reaction

Answer 7

The first stage of photosynthesis where light energy is used to generate ATP and NADPH

Question 8

Chlorophyll

Answer 8

A plant pigment that absorbs light energy. It is green because it reflects red and blue light

Question 9

NADPH

Answer 9

An electron carrier molecule produced in the reaction of photosynthesis. It is part of the calvin cycle used to create glucose

Question 10

Acetyl coA

Answer 10

A two-carbon molecule that is an product between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle in cell respiration

Question 11

Cellular respiration

Answer 11

Use of oxygen to release energy from nutrients

Question 12

FADH2

Answer 12

One electron carrier molecules produced in the Krebs cycle of aerobic cell respiration

Question 13

Mitochondrion

Answer 13

The organelle whose primary function is to perform cell respiration

Question 14

Aerobic

Answer 14

A process that requires oxygen

Question 15

Chemical potential energy

Answer 15

The energy stored in molecules

Question 16

Fermentation

Answer 16

Breaks down organic molecules and stores energy as ATP

Question 17

NADH

Answer 17

An electron carrier molecule produced in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle

Question 18

Anaerobic

Answer 18

A process that occurs without oxygen

Question 19

Krebs cycle(citric acid cycle)

Answer 19

The 2nd stage of aerobic cellular respiration that occurs when acetyl CoA combines with a carbon molecule and reacts

Question 20

glucose

Answer 20

A simple carbohydrate the primary product of photosynthesis

Question 21

Phosphorylation

Answer 21

A chemical reaction in which a phosphate group is added to another molecule

Question 22

Electron transport chain

Answer 22

The final stage of aerobic cellular respiration where the NADH and FADH2 made in other steps deposit their electrons

Question 23

Glycolysis

Answer 23

The breakdown of glucose into pyruvate

Question 24

Pyruvate

Answer 24

A three-carbon molecule that is the end product of glycolysis.