Unit 4: India Population Policy Flashcards
What was India’s crude birth rate at the time of independence in 1947?
45/1,000.
What was India’s crude birth rate in 2013?
23/1,000.
What target did the Indian government set for the crude birth rate per 1,000 by the year 2000?
21/1,000.
What key measure has India taken to address overpopulation since the 1950s?
Implementation of family planning programs.
What incentive did employers offer to promote sterilization as part of India’s population policies?
Employees were offered rewards like radios.
What controversial measure was introduced in 1976 to control population growth?
Forced sterilization of poorer neighborhoods during a state of emergency.
What demographic shift is India experiencing as a result of declining fertility rates?
A rise in the proportion of elderly people.
What is a primary reason India’s fertility policies did not meet the crude birth rate target by 2000?
Sterilization programs ignored other reproductive health and societal issues.
By how much did India’s annual population growth rate drop between 1951 and 1997?
From 2.15% to 1.7%.
How much did India’s population grow between 2001 and 2015 in absolute terms?
240 million people.
What successful model does the Netherlands present in population control policies?
Promoting small families and better quality of life for children and youth.
What percentage of Indian women use contraception as of 2010-2011?
54%.
What impact is faster fertility decline having on India’s age structure?
The working-age group is shrinking as the younger generation shrinks.
