Unit 4 (Ecological and Social Footprint, Forces and Stresses, Improving Funtionality, Scales of Production, The 6 R’s)

Question 1

Define global emissions

Answer 1

The process in which greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere

Question 2

Define carbon footprint

Answer 2

Amount of CO2 released as a result of individuals, organisations and communities

Question 3

Define greenhouse effect

Answer 3

Where the heat from the sun cannot leave the atmosphere

Question 4

Sources of CO2 emission

Answer 4

Drilling: extracting coal, sulphur and other minerals from the ground
Mining: extracting oil and natural gases from the ground
Deforestation: clearing wide are of trees
Farming: growing crops or livestock to meet consumer demand
Atmospheric pollution: emmission that cause air pollution
Oceanic pollution: poor waste management can lead to rubbish in sea
Product miles: total distance from source to consumer

Question 5

Types of forces

Answer 5

Tension: a material is pulled apart
Compression: two materials presses together
Torsion: a material is twisted
Bending: a material is flexible
Shear: opposite forces that cut a material

Question 6

What can be done to improve the functionality of a product

Answer 6

Folding and bending: can change structure or add flexibility
Strengthening and enhancing: combine or make something thicker. Use ribs, gussets or fillets
Reinforcing: metal frameworks used to increase tensile strength
Webbing: fabric that is used to reinforce products
Lamination and interfacing: materials that are bonded together

Question 7

Are products only ever made stronger

Answer 7

No, some contain purposeful weaknesses
- plastic model making pieces

Question 8

Types of production

Answer 8

One-off: a product for a specific use; can include prototypes
Batch: pattern, templates, jigs and CNC’s are used
Mass: a lot of automation, which can increase set up costs
Continuous: non-stop because there is constant demand

Question 9

The 6 R’s include

Answer 9

REFUSE
RETHINK
REDUCE
REUSE
REPAIR
RECYCLE

Question 10

What are the types of recycling

Answer 10

Primary: re-use without modification
Secondary: modify the product to respond to a different purpose
Tertiary: reprocessing materials
Upcycling: ‘revamp’ to celebrate past fashions

Question 11

Define datum point

Answer 11

A common reference point in a component that can be used either as a (x, y, z) coordinate helping CAM, or even for manual use as a scale to obtain a greater accuracy