Unit 4: Early Childhood

Question 1

Assisted Discovery

Answer 1

Adult guiding child’s learning, tailoring their interventions to each child’s zone of proximal development.

Question 2

Peer collaboration

Answer 2

children playing and working with each other in order for them to come up with things that they wouldn’t have on their own.

Question 3

stage of planning

Answer 3

thinking out a sequence of acts ahead of time and allocating attention accordingly to reach a goal.

Question 4

early word learning

Answer 4

preschoolers figure out the meaning of a new word by contrasting them with words they already know and by observing how the word is used in situations.

Question 5

self-esteem

Answer 5

the judgments we make about our own worth and the feelings associated with these judgments.

Question 6

Adults promoting a child’s self-esteem:

Answer 6

adjusting the child’s expectations
helping them a bit with the task
pointing out effort

Question 7

Gender Schema Theory

Answer 7

information processing approach that combines social learning and cognitive developmental features. As soon as they can label their gender, they select schemas consistent with it.

Question 8

Child-rearing styles

Answer 8

Authoritative
authoritarian
permissive
uninvolved

Question 9

With regard to questions used to elicit children’s autobiographical narratives, preschoolers who experience the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ style recall \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ information about past events.
A)	repetitive; more
B)	elaborative; less
C)	metacognitive; less
D)	elaborative; more

Answer 9

D