Unit 1: Theory and Research in Human Development

Question 1

Behaviorism

Answer 1

Directly observable events, such as stimuli and responses, are the appropriate focus of study.

Question 2

Social Learning Theory

Answer 2

studying behavior and development by studying the underlying reason behind what they are doing.

Question 3

Benefits of studying human behavior

Answer 3

helpful in treating many problems
eliminates undesirable behaviors
relieve difficulties

Question 4

Problems with studying human behavior

Answer 4

Does not give enough space for people to choose in their personal development. Not everything is going to apply to everyone.

Question 5

Piaget’s stages of cognitive development

Answer 5

Sensorimotor: Birth to 18–24 months old. Object permanence
Preoperational: 2 to 7 years old. Symbolic thought
Concrete operational: 7 to 11 years old. Operational thought
Formal operational: Adolescence to adulthood. Abstract concepts

Question 6

Clinical interview vs. structured interview

Answer 6

clinical: flexible with questions
structured: asking the same questions to each person

Question 7

Experimental Design

Answer 7

Permits interferences about cause and effect. Because researchers use and evenhanded procedure to assign people to two or more treatment conditions