Unit 4 Definitions

Question 1

Fertilisation

Answer 1

Random fusion of gametes and produces new allele combinations. Mutations may occur

Question 2

Gene mutation

Answer 2

Change in the base sequence of chromosomes resulting in the formation of new alleles

Question 3

Why could a gene mutation have no effect?

Answer 3

1. Genetic code is degenerate so a.a sequence may not change. 2.Mutation is on an intron. 3.does change a.a but no effect on tertiary structure. 4.new allele is recessive so does not influence phenotype

Question 4

Genetic diversity

Answer 4

Number of different alleles of genes in a population

Question 5

What is the phylogenetic classification system?

Answer 5

Domain-> Kingdom-> Phylum-> class-> Order-> Family-> Genus-> species

Question 6

Species richness

Answer 6

The number of different species in a community

Question 7

Biodiversity

Answer 7

Variety of organisms living in an area. It is a measure of species richness and the abundance( numbers of individuals of each species)

Question 8

Process for a random sample for a population?

Answer 8

1. Divide the area into a grid
2. random number generator to generate coordinates
3. Use a large number of samples to collect a reliable sample

Question 9

A habitat?

Answer 9

The place where an organism lives

Question 10

Community

Answer 10

All the populations of different species in a habitat