unit 4 - contemporary food issues Flashcards
what is Subsistence Farming?
growing food to feed oneself; rather than to sell for profit
Origins of how we got our food
around 12 000 years ago people moved away from the hunter-gatherer lifestyle towards domesticating animals and crops for cultivation and food sources allowing people to stay in one place
the revolution that shaped our farming (industrial, agricultural, etc)
agricultural - farm technology improved invention such as the plough
industrial - introduced steam power which allowed for the development of many new tools and technologies for agricultural
commercial - improved methods of transportation such as steamboats
important technology advances in farming
- machinery was invented for planting, ploughing, and harvesting
- allows the farm to grow with this mechanism contributing to the control of agriculture by large multimillion dollar corporations
explain the columbian exchange
mixing of people, deadly diseases that devastated the Native American population, crops, animals, goods, and trade flows
what is commercial agriculture
the process of growing food for profit and for sale
what is the food system
series of independent links involved in producing and consuming food; including the people and resources involved in bringing food to us
global food system vs. domestic food system
global - food system consists of foods that are not made or produced in canada. those foods may be consumed here but are imported from other counties
domestic - food system consists of foods that are produced in Canada. Those foods may be consumed here are exported to other counties
what are some important crops that canada grows
wheat, canola, barely, corn and soybeans
what impacts growing conditions
physical features, climates, agricultural conditions
what are the different types of climates give an example for each
tropical climate - wet (rainforest) monsoon and wet and dry climate types
dry climate - high daytime temperatures and cool nights; includes dry and semi dry climate types
mild climate - included mediterranean, humid subtropical and marine climate types
continental climate - included warm summers, cool winters and subarctic or boreal climate types
polar climate - tundra and ice cap
what is a microclimate? what is a specific example of a micro climate?
microclimate has different climate zones and wide variety of geological formations, climates and ecological systems
- the peace valley
- osoyoos area
GMO definition
Genetically Modified Organism has had genes (DNA) alfred to act in a way that does not happen naturally and/or contains genes from another organism
what does GE stand for
Genetically Engineered - foods for which DNA has been altered by human manipulation.
what is a hybrid food? give an example
hybrid foods are created when two different foods are crossed with each other
two variety of a fruit or vegetable, or two different types of a fruit or vegetable are crossed over
honeycrisp apples = macoun apples + honey gold
kalettes = kale + brussels sprouts
grapple = grape + apple
benifits/cost of GMOs
- grow well even when sprayed with pesticides
have less disease caused by insects or virus - increased food supply
risks
- introducing allergens and toxins to foods
- the nutrient context of crops is changing
what is agri food
food that is produced agriculturally as opposed to food that is hunted, fished or gathered from the wild
what is canada’s largest sector of agriculture
animal production is the largest Canadian agricultural sector and includes: red meat, poultry, eggs and dairy
what sort of food crop production does canada specialize in
wheat, canola, barley, corn and soybeans
what does canada export a lot of
wheat
Canola oil also stands for
canadian oil
what are pulses? what popular food dish that you have consumed that may use pulses?
they are dried legumes such as peas, beans, chickpeas, lentils etc.
what is the definition of horticulture
is the bunch of agriculture that deals with the art, science, technology and business is plant cultivation
what provinces produce maple syrup? who taught early settlers how to make maple syrup?
ontario, quebec, new brunswick and nova scotia
indigenous people taught early settlers how to harvest, boil and prepare maple syrup associated products
