Unit 4: Cell Communication and Cell Cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

central dogma

A

flow of genetic info in a cell,
DNA->RNA->Protein->Trait

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2
Q

transcription

A

copying DNA into RNA

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3
Q

translation

A

cell makes proteins using RNA

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4
Q

rRNA

A

ribosomal RNA; combines w proteins to form ribosomes

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5
Q

tRNA

A

transfer RNA; corrects amino acids during protein synthesis

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6
Q

mRNA

A

messenger RNA; carries code from DNA to ribosomes

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7
Q

template strand

A

transcribed DNA strand

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8
Q

coding strand

A

untranscribed DNA strand

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9
Q

exon

A

sequence of DNA in mRNA, which encodes the amino acids of a protein

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10
Q

intron

A

sequence of DNA in between exons that is copied into RNA but is cut out of the final RNA transcript and therefore does not change the amino acid code

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11
Q

mRNA splicing

A

post transcription; edits out introns

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12
Q

codon

A

3 nucleotides which form a unit of DNA

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13
Q

operon

A

genes grouped together with related functions

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14
Q

RNA polymerase

A

enzyme responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence

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15
Q

promoter

A

RNA polymerase binding site

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16
Q

repressor protein

A

inhibits the expression of one or more genes; blocks transcription; blocks RNA polymerase

17
Q

operator

A

binding site of repressor protein