Unit 4 Biology Flashcards
What is photosynthesis
The way in which plants gain energy by producing glucose from sunlight.
it is an endothermic reaction as the chloroplasts absorb energy from the surroundings.
Only plants and some bacteria do this
What is the word equation for photosynthesis
carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen
symbol equation for photosynthesis
6_CO2 + 6_H2O -> C6 H12 O6 + 6_O2
How does temperature affect rate of photosynthesis
as temp increases, so does rate of photosynthesis as it is controlled by enzymes so it works in the same way.
too hot and the enzymes denature and the reaction stops
Explain the three other factors affecting rate of photosynthesis
-Light intensity: Greater the light intensity, the faster the rate of photosynthesis
-CO2 concentration: CO2 is needed to make the glucose so having less CO2 present means the plant receives less energy via photosynthesis.
-Amount of chlorophyll- Having more chlorophyll means there is more places for the plant to photosynthesis and the chlorophyll turns the light energy into food so it is essential
Go to Science practical to read about pond weed experiment
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what is a limiting factor
a factor that when there is too little of it, the amount of product produced is capped at a certain amount, regardless of an abundance of other factors. We show the limiting factor by using a graph where multiple limiting factors can result in the reaction being slower
How limiting factors be used to help farmers economically
they can create greenhouses to simulate perfect conditions with high levels of the factors so they get greater yields of products faster to sell on for more profit
What is the inverse square law? How does the inverse square law link to limiting factors
Light intensity= 1//distance^2. Depending on the distance of the light source from the plant, the plant will get more or less energy from it as it disperses
Give 5 uses of Glucose from Photosynthesis
-For respiration
-Converted into starch for storage
-Producing oil for storage in seeds
-To combine cellulose to strengthen cell walls
-combines with nitrates to form amino acids and proteins which are needed for growth.
What is respiration
The process of turning glucose into energy for all living processes to occur. An exothermic reaction that all living organisms do to survive
What are the word and symbol formulas for aerobic and anaerobic respiration
Aerobic:
Oxygen + Glucose -> Carbon dioxide + water
6_O2 + C6 H12 O6 -> 6_CO2 + 6_H2O
Anaerobic:
Glucose-> Lactic acid (In animals only)
Glucose-> Ethanol + Yeast (In plants only (Fermentation))
Give some features of Aerobic respiration
-Uses oxygen
-Produces alot more Energy than anaerobic respiration
- Occurs in the mitochondria of cells
Give some features of anaerobic respiration
-Incomplete oxidation of glucose
- used as a last resort by the body like during a sprint
-produces lactic acid as an unwanted byproduct
Produced less oxygen than aerobic respiration
How is anaerobic respiration in plants useful economically
It can be used to produce products like alcohol and yeast which can be sold for profit
