Unit 4 - Area of Study 1B

Question 1

What are the four employee expectations ?

Answer 1

1. Occupational Health and Safety
2. Job Security
3. Conditions of Employment
4. Work Life Balance

Question 2

Define Occupational Health and Safety

Answer 2

Can also be referred to as workplace health and safety. Employees expect to work in an environment that will not cause them harm or injury. This expectation is supported by government policies and laws.

Question 3

What can employees expect if their workplace enforces OHS

Answer 3

1. Appropriate training to ensure they know how to work safely.
2. feel comfortable within the environment and do not fear injury
3. training and information about prevention and what to do in a workplace emergency
4. Consultation with OHS representative

Question 4

Define Job Security

Answer 4

the belief employees have that their position within the LSO will continue in the future. LSO’s can meet this expectation by offering permanent full time, part time positions or set contracts.

Question 5

Why are LSO’s challenged to provide Job Security ?

Answer 5

As many LSO’s are reducing their size of workplace decreasing job security due to shut downs or outsourcing. Which may result in the loss of jobs and decreased Job Security.

Question 6

Define Conditions of Employment

Answer 6

refers to the pay and benefits an employer agrees to provide employees in exchange for their labour. This includes: wages, hours of employment, leave entitlements. Minimal conditions of employment are outlined in the national employment standards issued by Fair Work Australia.

Question 7

Define flexible work arrangements and provide examples.

Answer 7

these are patterns of work that allow employees to achieve work life balance. Examples include: flexitime, job sharing, telecommuting, extending shift to eliminate a work day and banking hours time off.

Question 8

Define flexitime

Answer 8

modified start and finish times, e.g. 7-3 or 9-5

Question 9

define job sharing

Answer 9

when two individuals share the roles and responsibilities of one job

Question 10

define telecommuting

Answer 10

allowing employees to work from home

Question 11

define extending work hours to eliminate a shift

Answer 11

extending each shift to equate to the hours of a normal working day, which results in one less working day.

Question 12

define banking hours of time off

Answer 12

when employees are not paid for their overtime work but are able to take time off due to the extra hours worked overtime.

Question 13

Define work life balance

Answer 13

The recognition that employees have other responsibilities and commitments outside of their workplace, including families and interests. LSO’s should strive to provide some flexibility in conditions of employment to enable employees to maintain a combination of work and life balance

Question 14

what are some examples of work life balance provided at LSO’s ?/

Answer 14

sponsored child care, reduced cost for air travel (qantas), health and wellbeing programs. Rostered day off per month (paid), sponsored studies and car lease plan (holden)

Question 15

What are the three theories of motivation ?

Answer 15

1. Maslow
   2 Herzberg’s
2. Locke

Question 16

Define Maslow’s theory of motivation

Answer 16

all people have needs to be satisfied and will work towards satisfying those needs. He assumed all needs could be arranged according to their importance in a system known as the hierarchy of needs, which implies that when one need has been met the expectation for the following need is to be met.

Question 17

What are the five sections for mallows hierarchy of needs from lowest to highest

Answer 17

1. physiological needs - food, clothing, shelter
2. safe + security
3. Social needs - love affection, belonging
4. esteem needs - respect, accomplishment
5. self actualisation needs

Question 18

what is a workplace practise to satisfy physiological needs

Answer 18

satisfactory pay

Question 19

what is a workplace practice to satisfy safe + security needs ?

Answer 19

• safe working conditions e.g.. ohs

- job security

Question 20

what is a workplace practise to satisfy social needs

Answer 20

• teamwork
• involvement in decisions
• supportive management

Question 21

what is a workplace practise which satisfies esteem needs

Answer 21

• responsibility
• promotion
• recognition

Question 22

what is a workplace practise which satisfies self actualisation needs

Answer 22

• creative jobs

- opportunity and advancement

Question 23

define lockes goal setting theory

Answer 23

employees are motivated by clear goals and appropriate feedback regarding achievement. Concluding that working towards a goal provided that motivation will improve performance. Better and specific goals were also found to be more effective,

Question 24

Define Herzbergs motivation thoery

Answer 24

expanded on mallows theory by identifying two levels of needs: hygienic and motivation factors. Hygiene factors refer to the environment and physical conditions including pay, h=job security and interpersonal relations. These facts will provide either dissatisfaction or no dissatisfaction but will not motivate an employee. Motivation factors include a a sense of achievement, recognition, responsibility and opportunity to achieve. Therefore the job itself motivates, provided ab employees work environment (hygiene factors) are acceptable

Question 25

Motivation

Answer 25

the desire or drive to work well. The process of ensuring that there is ongoing commitment to a common set of goals.

Question 26

Human Resource Management

Answer 26

Human resource management is the relationship between employees and employers. Coordinating all activities relating to acquiring, developing, maintaining and terminating employees.

Question 27

List similarities between Maslow and Herzberg

Answer 27

• both work to satisfy needs and increase desire of motivation
• both believe in recognition and promotion to motivate

Question 28

List differences between maslow and herzberg

Answer 28

• maslow believed that all five areas of hierarchy motivate, whereas herzberg believed that only motivational factors increased desire as hygenic factors only provided dissatisfaction or dissatisfaction.
• Maslow believed that motivation and satisfaction progressed through levels, whereas herzberg only focused on two factors which weren’t progressive

Question 29

List difference between maslow and locke

Answer 29

• maslow worked way through hierarchy from bottom to top, whereas locke’s theory go goals could be developed from any stage whether it be short term or long term goals.
• Locke is more dependent on employees achieving goals whereas maslow is more dependent on work practises such as pay satisfying needs

Question 30

List Maslow and Locke similarities

Answer 30

• both aim to motivate

- both encourage recognition and feedback (maslow within esteem section)

Question 31

List Similarities between locke and herzberg

Answer 31

• both aim to motivate

- sense of achievement with herzberg motivating factor and locke with the feedback provided

Question 32

list differences between locke and herzberg

Answer 32

• locke : goals made by employees motivate, whereas set motivation factors increase desire in herzberg theory