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AP Gov > Unit 4 - American Political Ideologies and Beliefs > Flashcards

Unit 4 - American Political Ideologies and Beliefs Flashcards

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1
Q

political culture

A

the shared set of beliefs, customs, traditions, and values that define the relationship between citizens and government

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2
Q

individualism

A

the belief that individuals should be responsible for themselves and for the decision they make

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3
Q

affordable care act

A

expand access to insurance, increase consumer protections, emphasize prevention and wellness, improve quality and system performance

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4
Q

benchmark poll

A

survey taken at the beginning of a political campaign in order to gauge support for a candidate and determine which issues are important to voters

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5
Q

command-and-control economy

A

economic policy in which government dictates much of a nation’s economic activity, including the amount of production and prices for goods

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6
Q

conservatism

A

an ideology favoring more regulation of social behavior and less government interference in the economy

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7
Q

critical election

A

a major national election that signals a change in the balance of power between the two parties

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8
Q

divided government

A

a situation that occurs when control of the presidency and one or both chambers of congress is split between the two major parties

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9
Q

economic recession

A

a period of decline in economic activity, typically defined by two consecutive quarters of negative GDP growth

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10
Q

entrance survey

A

a poll conducted of people coming to an event

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11
Q

exit poll

A

a survey conducted outside a polling place in which individuals are asked who or what they just voted for and why

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12
Q

federal reserve system

A

a board of governors, federal reserve banks, and member banks responsible for monetary policy

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13
Q

fiscal policy

A

government use of taxes and spending to attempt to lower unemployment, support economic activity, and stabilize the economy

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14
Q

focus group

A

a small group of individuals assembled for a conversation about specific issues

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15
Q

generational effect

A

the impact of historical events experienced by a generation upon their political views

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16
Q

globalization

A

the increasing interconnectedness of people, businesses, and countries throughout the world

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17
Q

gross domestic product

A

the total value of goods and services produced by an economy

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18
Q

inflation

A

the rise in the prices of goods and services

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19
Q

laissez-faire economy

A

economic system in which government intrudes as little as possible in the transactions among citizens and businesses

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20
Q

laissez-faire economy

A

economic system in which government intrudes as little as possible in the transactions among citizens and businesses

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20
Q

laissez-faire economy / free enterprise

A

economic system in which government intrudes as little as possible in the transactions among citizens and businesses

21
Q

liberalism

A

an ideology favoring less government control over social behavior and greater regulation of the economy

22
Q

libertarianism

A

an ideology favoring very little government intervention beyond protecting private property and individual liberty

23
Q

life cycle effect

A

an impact of a person’s age and stage in life on his or her political views

24
Q

mass survey

A

a survey designed to measure the opinions of the population, usually consisting of 1500 responses

25
Q

medicaid

A

a federal program that provides health care for the poor

26
Q

medicare

A

a federal program that provides health insurance to seniors and the disabled

27
Q

mixed economy

A

economic policy in which many economic decisions are left to individuals and businesses with the federal government regulating economic activities

28
Q

monetary policy

A

a set of economic policy tools designed to regulate the amount of money in the economy

29
Q

outsourcing

A

when a company moves its business to a place where labor costs are cheaper of productions is more efficient because workers work longer hours

30
Q

party identification

A

an individual’s attachment to a political party

31
Q

party ideology

A

a party’s philosophy about the proper role of government and its consistent set of positions on major issues

32
Q

party platform

A

a set of positions and policy objectives that members of a political party agree to

33
Q

political socialization

A

the experiences and factors that shape out political values, attitudes, and behaviors

34
Q

question order

A

the sequencing of questions in public opinion polls

35
Q

question wording

A

the phrasing of a question in a public opinion poll

36
Q

random digit dialing

A

the use of telephone numbers randomly generated by a computer to select potential survey respondents

37
Q

random selection

A

a method of choosing all poll respondents in a way that does not over- or underrepresent any group of the population

38
Q

realignment

A

when the groups of people who support a political party shift their allegiance to a different political party

39
Q

representative sample

A

a sample that reflects the demographics of the population

40
Q

rights

A

something fundamental to which all have access

41
Q

privilege

A

something subject to political process

42
Q

rule of law

A

the principle that no one, including public officials, is above the law

43
Q

sample

A

a group of individuals from a larger population used to measure public opinion

44
Q

sampling error

A

the margin of error in a poll, which usually is calculated to plus or minus three percentage points

45
Q

scientific poll

A

a representative poll of randomly selected respondents with a statistically significant sample size using neutral languagge

46
Q

split-ticket voting

A

voting for candidates from different parties in the same election

47
Q

straight-ticket voting

A

voting for all of the candidates on the ballot from one political party

48
Q

third parties

A

a minor political party in competition with the two major parties

49
Q

tracking poll

A

a survey determining the level of support for a candidate or an issue throughout a campaign

50
Q

unemployment rate

A

the percentage of people actively looking for work who cannot find jobs

51
Q

weighting

A

a procedure in which the survey is adjusted according to the demographics of the larger population

AP Gov (5 decks)

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