Unit 4

Question 1

Define Action Democratique (ADQ)

Answer 1

political party formed in 1994 by dissident members of the Liberal party - more nationalist but conservative on economic issues

Question 2

Define Allaire Report

Answer 2

report from constitutional task force after Meech Lake, recommending decentralized federalism (chairman founded the ADQ)

Question 3

Define asymmetrical federalism

Answer 3

One of more of the provinces has more formal authority or status than the others

Question 4

Define Belanger-Campeau Commission

Answer 4

created by the National Assembly after Meech Lake, included both federalists and sovereignists and recommended that a referendum be held in 1992

Question 5

Define Bill 101

Answer 5

Charter of the French Language, adopted in 1977 to preserve French language

Question 6

DefineBloc Quebecois

Answer 6

political party formed by dissident members primarily from Conservative Party, formed after Meech Lake failed to promote Quebec independence federally.

Question 7

Constitution Act of 1971

Answer 7

act of British Parliament that created the political units of Upper and Lower Canada and established representational government in the two colonies

Question 8

Define de facto

Answer 8

administrative, what happens in practice

Question 9

Define de jure

Answer 9

formal, delineated in the constitution

Question 10

Define defensive nationalism

Answer 10

political strategy of the government of Quebec based on literalist interpretation of the Constitution, associated with Duplessis

Question 11

Define distinct society clause

Answer 11

most controversial element of the Meech Lake Accord, recognized Canada as a partnership between English and French speaking peoples

Question 12

Define front de la liberation du Quebec (FLQ)

Answer 12

revolutionary group formed in the 1960s attempting to secure independence of Quebec through propaganda and terrorism

Question 13

Define maitres chez nous

Answer 13

political slogan used by Liberal Lesage in 1982, meaning masters of our own house

Question 14

Define nationalism (6)

Answer 14

identifies the nation as the primary political value. Can involved
1 - sentiment of loyalty to a nation
2 - attitude attaching importance to distinct characteristics
3 - tendency to consider interest of one’s own nation over others
4 - doctrine maintaining national cultures should be preserved
5 - political theory that humanity is naturally divided into nations, entitled to their own government

Question 15

Define October crisis

Answer 15

kidnapping of two hostages by FLQ in 1970 and invocation of War Measures Act

Question 16

Define offensive nationalism

Answer 16

political strategy calling for the ceding of administation and constitutional powers by federal government to quebec, popular since 1960s

Question 17

Define Parti Quebecois (PQ)

Answer 17

political party formed in 1968 by Levesque to promote sovereignty, governed for 18 years

Question 18

Define patriation

Answer 18

transfering of power to amend constitution to Canada

Question 19

Define Quebec Act of 1774

Answer 19

British act that defined the territory of Quebec, grnated freedom of worship to Catholics and French civil law

Question 20

Define Quebec Referendum

Answer 20

1980 to consider request to mandate Levesque to negotiate sovereignty-association; 1995 vote on soveriegnty under Parizeau

Question 21

Define Quiet Revolution

Answer 21

changes that took place in Quebec in the 1960s which saw modernization of Quebec society and rise of politically active middle class

Question 22

Define separatism

Answer 22

secession of one state from a larger political entity

Question 23

Define sovereignty

Answer 23

being a fully independent actor in international relations

Question 24

Define sovereignty-association

Answer 24

political and economic arrangement between Quebec and Canada proposed in 1980, would involve full political autonomy for Quebec but continued economic ties to rest of Canada

Question 25

Define special status

Answer 25

objective sought by Quebec recognizing it as the historic homeland of French-speaking Canadians and should thus have special status

Question 26

Define Union Nationale

Answer 26

conservative, nationalist party formed in 1936 under Duplessis

Question 27

How has the Canadian state defined and recognized newly mobilized cultural identities?

Answer 27

multiculturalism

Question 28

How has the nature of Quebec’s political economy affected relations between English and French-speaking residents of the province?

Answer 28

English bourgeoisie mainly centred in Montreal, interested in rail and finance. French mainly centred in Quebec, interest in resources. Montreal dominated the economy. Perception that French unfit for economic strength.

Question 29

Which Quebec political leaders have emphasized the compact theory?

Answer 29

Mercier and Duplessis

Question 30

What was the Quiet Revolution?

Answer 30

involved an increase in provincial activities, decline in the influence of the Catholic Church, intensification of political debate and controversy leading to October Crisis and referenda

Question 31

What social changes were associated with the Quiet Revolution?

Answer 31

Decline of the Church’s power and role as provider of education and social services, rise of the middle class

Question 32

What economic changes were associated with the Quiet Revolution?

Answer 32

Shift of economic power from Montreal to Toronto, growing influence of American capital in Quebec economy