Unit 4 Flashcards
Define Action Democratique (ADQ)
political party formed in 1994 by dissident members of the Liberal party - more nationalist but conservative on economic issues
Define Allaire Report
report from constitutional task force after Meech Lake, recommending decentralized federalism (chairman founded the ADQ)
Define asymmetrical federalism
One of more of the provinces has more formal authority or status than the others
Define Belanger-Campeau Commission
created by the National Assembly after Meech Lake, included both federalists and sovereignists and recommended that a referendum be held in 1992
Define Bill 101
Charter of the French Language, adopted in 1977 to preserve French language
DefineBloc Quebecois
political party formed by dissident members primarily from Conservative Party, formed after Meech Lake failed to promote Quebec independence federally.
Constitution Act of 1971
act of British Parliament that created the political units of Upper and Lower Canada and established representational government in the two colonies
Define de facto
administrative, what happens in practice
Define de jure
formal, delineated in the constitution
Define defensive nationalism
political strategy of the government of Quebec based on literalist interpretation of the Constitution, associated with Duplessis
Define distinct society clause
most controversial element of the Meech Lake Accord, recognized Canada as a partnership between English and French speaking peoples
Define front de la liberation du Quebec (FLQ)
revolutionary group formed in the 1960s attempting to secure independence of Quebec through propaganda and terrorism
Define maitres chez nous
political slogan used by Liberal Lesage in 1982, meaning masters of our own house
Define nationalism (6)
identifies the nation as the primary political value. Can involved
1 - sentiment of loyalty to a nation
2 - attitude attaching importance to distinct characteristics
3 - tendency to consider interest of one’s own nation over others
4 - doctrine maintaining national cultures should be preserved
5 - political theory that humanity is naturally divided into nations, entitled to their own government
Define October crisis
kidnapping of two hostages by FLQ in 1970 and invocation of War Measures Act
Define offensive nationalism
political strategy calling for the ceding of administation and constitutional powers by federal government to quebec, popular since 1960s
Define Parti Quebecois (PQ)
political party formed in 1968 by Levesque to promote sovereignty, governed for 18 years
Define patriation
transfering of power to amend constitution to Canada
Define Quebec Act of 1774
British act that defined the territory of Quebec, grnated freedom of worship to Catholics and French civil law
Define Quebec Referendum
1980 to consider request to mandate Levesque to negotiate sovereignty-association; 1995 vote on soveriegnty under Parizeau
Define Quiet Revolution
changes that took place in Quebec in the 1960s which saw modernization of Quebec society and rise of politically active middle class
Define separatism
secession of one state from a larger political entity
Define sovereignty
being a fully independent actor in international relations
Define sovereignty-association
political and economic arrangement between Quebec and Canada proposed in 1980, would involve full political autonomy for Quebec but continued economic ties to rest of Canada
Define special status
objective sought by Quebec recognizing it as the historic homeland of French-speaking Canadians and should thus have special status
Define Union Nationale
conservative, nationalist party formed in 1936 under Duplessis
How has the Canadian state defined and recognized newly mobilized cultural identities?
multiculturalism
How has the nature of Quebec’s political economy affected relations between English and French-speaking residents of the province?
English bourgeoisie mainly centred in Montreal, interested in rail and finance. French mainly centred in Quebec, interest in resources. Montreal dominated the economy. Perception that French unfit for economic strength.
Which Quebec political leaders have emphasized the compact theory?
Mercier and Duplessis
What was the Quiet Revolution?
involved an increase in provincial activities, decline in the influence of the Catholic Church, intensification of political debate and controversy leading to October Crisis and referenda
What social changes were associated with the Quiet Revolution?
Decline of the Church’s power and role as provider of education and social services, rise of the middle class
What economic changes were associated with the Quiet Revolution?
Shift of economic power from Montreal to Toronto, growing influence of American capital in Quebec economy
