Unit 3

Question 1

Define accumulative function

Answer 1

Government policies and actions that directly contribute to the accumulation of private sector profits.

Question 2

Define attenuate

Answer 2

Reduce, weaken, or minimize the power and status of one level of government for the benefit of another

Question 3

Define balkanize

Answer 3

Degeneration of a country into a group of hostile and warring political units without any sense of common purpose

Question 4

Define bourteoisie

Answer 4

Upper classes, particularly those who control or manage large business enterprises

Question 5

Define branch plant

Answer 5

A subsidiary of a foreign-owned corporation

Question 6

Define Centrifugal forces

Answer 6

Activities and events that promote political decentralization in a federal state

Question 7

Define Centripetal forces

Answer 7

Activities and events that promote political centralization in a federal state

Question 8

Define Cleavage

Answer 8

Division within society promoting a long-term political conflict, i.e., English-French

Question 9

Define Comprador faction

Answer 9

people who manage and operate the branch plants of foreign multinational corporations

Question 10

Define Dependency

Answer 10

used to explain the underdevelopment of the Atlantic Region, generally the systemic exploitation of one region by another or over-reliance of slow growth areas on government largesse

Question 11

Define elite

Answer 11

small groups of people who exercise power in a society

Question 12

Define Federal society

Answer 12

group diversity is territorially based

Question 13

Define hinterland

Answer 13

outlying area that provides resources to a metropolitan centre

Question 14

Define legitimization function

Answer 14

Government policies, actions, or both which seek to reinforce the legitimacy of the state in the eyes of the population.

Question 15

Define national policy

Answer 15

A set of interrelated policies enacted by John A Macdonald to increase Canadian economic prosperity and maintain independence from USA

Question 16

Define neoclassical economics

Answer 16

Economic approach which holds that decisions should only be made according to the demands of the free market

Question 17

Define political economy

Answer 17

Study of the relationship between politics and economics

Question 18

Define region

Answer 18

A homogeneous area which physical and cultural characteristics distinct from those of neighbouring areas

Question 19

Define regionalism

Answer 19

Personal identification with a particular region

Question 20

Define Triple E Senate

Answer 20

Reform advocated by the West: elected, with equal representation from each province, with effective powers

Question 21

Define western alienation

Answer 21

political ideology of regional discontent

Question 22

What has been the general trend in the evolution of Canadian federalism?

Answer 22

Decentralization

Question 23

How does the Canadian trend differ from most other federal states?

Answer 23

They have centralized

Question 24

How does the study of Canada’s political economy explain the changing balance of power within Confederation?

Answer 24

Produce conflicts that cause contending forces to align their interests with varying levels of government

Question 25

What assumptions about government and society form the basis for Stevenson’s political economy perspective?

Answer 25

State has always been a fundamental part of the economic process and its support is crucial to business interests

Question 26

Which Canadian provinces began the process of province-building?

Answer 26

Ontario, shortly after confederation

Question 27

What political and economic forces were unleashed by Macdonald’s National Policy?

Answer 27

Rapid economic growth coupled with geographic disparity

Alliance between Ontario and Quebec (manufacturing), animosity between Ontario north and south, divisions between manufacturing, resource extraction/ export, and agriculture

Question 28

How did the National Policy affect the role and behaviour of provincial governments?

Answer 28

Increased power of the provinces because of their role over natural resources and land. Created close ties between two levels of government (funding, Senate appointments) and open conflicts were avoided

Question 29

How did the Great Depression of the 1930s change the political economy of Canadian federalism?

Answer 29

Weakened strength of federal institutions, decline of wheat economy and rise of manufacturing and natural resources economy

Question 30

How did WWII alter the institutional loyalty of different “class fractions”? Which level of government became the net beneficiary of these changes?

Answer 30

Concentrated wealth in manufacturing, increased reliance on US markets, increased reliance on provinces to build roads and support regional economies

Question 31

How did the post-war integration of the Canadian and American economies influence the evolution of Canadian federalism?

Answer 31

Shifted power to provinces

Question 32

What accounts for the revival of centripetal forces during the late 1970s and early 1980s?

Answer 32

Rising Quebec nationalism, increased aggression of western resource economies

Question 33

What is dependency theory and how does it explain underdevelopment in Atlantic Canada?

Answer 33

Reliance on federal funding for regions, Atlantic provinces have demanded it from the federal government