Unit 4 1st set of terms Flashcards
Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities
Balkanization
State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities.
Multinational state
invisible line that marks the extent of a state’s territory
Boundary
unifying forces that bring the people of a state together
Centripetal Force
a force that divides people and countries
Centrifugal Force
A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union. The nations never directly confronted each other on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for years.
Cold War
dependent areas of a state
Colonies
An economic system in which the government controls a country’s economy.
Command Economy
a state in which the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary significantly.
Compact State
A system consisting of a league of independent states, each having essentially sovereign powers. The central government created by such a league has only limited powers over the states.
Confederal System
boundary that coincides with a particular cultural divide (such as religion, language, or ethnicity); a.k.a. cultural boundaries
Consequent Boundaries
the portion of a country that contains its economic, political, intellectual, and cultural focus.
Core Area
outlying areas of the core
Core-Periphery
boundaries that mark breaks in the human landscape based on differences in ethnicity and culture
Cultural Boundary
the process of creating a government elected by the people
Democratization
the transfer of powers and responsibilities from the federal government to the states
Devolution
when states argue about the location of the border
Positional Dispute
Any dispute over land ownership
Territorial Dispute
disagreement over the control or use of shared resources, such as boundary rivers or jointly claimed fishing grounds
Resource Dispute
when states cannot agree on policies that apply near border
Functional Dispute
the study of the geographical elements of the organization and results of elections
Electoral Geography
a force that can divide and destabilize a state due to economic inequalities and differences
Economic Force
A state with a long, narrow shape.
Elongated State
a small bit of foreign territory lying within a state but not under its jurisdiction
Enclave
