unit 4 Flashcards
brexit
Britain leaving the EU because of their loss of sovereignty
dependency theory
core depends on periphery and semi-periphery for resources and manufacturing and periphery depends on core for ideas
devolution
destabilizing a state
economies of scale
cost reductions that occur when production rises
ethic cleansing
the process by which a state attacks an ethnic group and tries to eliminate it through expulsion, imprisonment, or killing
ethnic nationalism
the people of a country identify as having one common ethnicity, religious belief, and language, creating a sense of pride and identity that is tied to the territory (ethnocentrism)
ethnic separatism
people of a particular ethnicity in a multinational state identify more strongly as members of their ethnic group than as citizens of the state
European Union (EU)
a political and economic union of 27 European countries that are committed to promoting integration and cooperation among its member states
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
military collaboration
sovereignty
the political authority of a state to govern itself
political centripetal force
a forrce that draws people together to support the sovereignty of the state
political centrifugal force
a force that pulls a state apart or diminishes the ability of the state to govern
supranational organization
an alliance of 3+ states that work together in pursuit of common goals or to address an issue or a challenge
terrorism
the use of violence or threats to intimidate or coerce especially for political purposes
compact state
a state that is as long as it is wide
concurrent powers
sharing authority between state and federal govs
cracking
splitting up voters across many districts diluting their electoral strength
electoral college
a set of people who are chosen to elect the president and vice president of the US
elongated state
significantly longer/wider in one direction
federal state
power is shared between the federal gov and its internal regional units
fragmented state
consists of islands or seperated land masses
gerrymandering
the dividing of legislative boundaries to give one political party and advantage in elections
majority-minority districts
the majority of voters in a district are members of an ethnic or racial minority
nationalism
a political ideology that emphasizes the intrests and culture of a particular nation, often leading to the desire for self-governance or independance
packing
putting all voters for one party in one or two districts
patriotism
the love that one feels for their country
perforated state
completely surrounds another state
prorupted state
has a long, narrow extension that protrudes from the main body of the state, often for resources
reapportionment
the redistribution of representative seats among states based on shifts in population
redistricting
the redrawing of internal territorial and political boundaries
unitary state
an organization of a states in which power is concentrated in a central gov
administrating boundaries
to manage the way borders are maintained and how goods and people cross them
antecedent boundaries
a border established before an area becomes heavily settled
autonomous
having the authority to govern territories independently of the national government
choke point
a narrow, strategic passageway to another place through which it is difficult to pass
colonialism
claiming and dominating overseas territories
consequent boundaries
a type of subsequent boundary that takes into account the differences that exist within a cultural landscape
defining boundaries
to explicitly state in legally binding documentation, such as a treaty, where boundaries are located, using reference points such as natural features or longitude and latitude
delimiting boundaries
to draw boundaries on a map
demarcating boundaries
to place physical objects to indicate where a boundary exists
devolution
when the central power in a state is broken up among regional authorities within its borders
exclusive economic zone (EEZ)
an area that extents 200 nautical miles from a states coast, a state has sole access to resources found within the waters or beneath the sea floor of its eez
enclave
a country or part of a country that is completely surrounded by another country
exclave
a part of a country that is separated from the rest
geometric boundaries
a mathematically drawn boundary that typically follows lines of latitude and longitude or is a straight line arc between two points
imperialism
the push to create an empire by exercising force or influence to control other nations or peoples
irredentism
attempts by a state to acquire territories in neighboring states inhabited by people of the same nation
multinational state
a country with various ethnicities and cultures living inside its borders
multistate nation
people who share a cultural or ethnic background but live in more than one country
nation
a cultural entity made up of people who have forged a common identity through a shared language, religion, heritage, or ethnicity, often all four
nation-state
a politically organized and recognized territory composed of a group of people who consider themselves to be a nation
neocolonialism
the use of economic, political, cultural, or other pressures to control or influence other countries, especially former dependencies
physical boundaries
naturally occuring features on the earths surface that define the borders between different political entities
political geography
the study of the ways in which the world is organized as a reflection of the power that different groups hold over territory
relic
a former boundary that no longer has an official function
self-determination
the right of all people to choose their own political status
shatterbelt
a region where states form, and break up because of ongoing, sometimes violent, conflict among parties and because they are caught between the interests of more powerful outside states
state
a politically organized independent territory with a government, defined borders, defined population, and sovereignty
statless nation
a nation that does not take up the majority in any state
subsequent boundaries
a border drawn in an area that has been settled and where cultural landscapes exist
superimposed boundaries
boundaries that are drawn by an outside force
semiautonomous
describing a region that is given partial authority to govern its territories independently from the national gov
territoriality
this is my land and its better than yours because blah blah blah WERE NUMBER ONE AND WE DESERVE YOUR LAND TOO
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
12 nautical miles off the coast you have control over laws
