unit 3 Flashcards
placemaking
a community-driven proccess in which people collaborate to create a place where they can live, work, play, and learn
traditional/folk culture
the long-established behaviors, beliefs, and practices passed down from generation to generation
culture
the beliefs, values, practices, behaviors, and tech shared by a society and passed down from generation to generation
cultural trait
a shared object or cultural practice
artifacts
a visible object or tech that a culture creates
mentifacts
a central, enduring element of a culture that reflects its shared ideas, values, knowledge, and beliefs
popular culture
the widespread behaviors, beliefs, and practices of ordinary people in society at a given point in time
ethnic pattern in the US
historically: hispanics in the southwest, african americans in the southeast, and asian americans in the west
now: diverse everywhere
taboo
a religious or social practice that restricts a certain behavior, activity, or relationship with people, places. or things
ethnic neighborhood
a cultural landscape within a community of people outside of their area of origin
ethnicity
the state of belonging to a group of people who share cultural characteristics
centripetal force
unites a group of people
centrifugal force
divides a group of people
sequent occupance
the notion that successive societies leave behind their cultural imprint, a collection of evidence about human character and experiences within a geographic region, which shapes the cultural landscape
cultural landscape
a natural landscape that has been modified by humans, reflecting their cultural beliefs and values
cultural relativism
the evaluation of a culture by its own standards
ethnocentrism
the tendency of ethnic groups to evaluate other groups according to preconceived ideas originating from their own culture
placelessness
a phenonmena that happens when a place loses its distinctiveness or its uniqueness
gentrification
the renovations and improvements conforming to middle-class prefrences
sense of place
the subjective feelings and memories people associate with a geographic location
gendered spaces
a space designed and deliberately incorporated into the landscape to accommodate gender roles
multiculturalism
a situation in which different cultures live together without assimilating
assimilating
interaction of two cultures where one adapts almost all of the customs, traditions, language, and other cultural traits of the other
imperialism
colonialism but indirect and for money
syncretism
combining cultural features into something new
creolization
the blending of two or more languages that may not include the features of either original language
collectivist cultures
people are expected to conform to collective responsibility within the family and to be obedient and respectful to elderly family members
local diversity
a combination of unique cultural traditions and economic practices
lingua franca
common language used among speakers of different languages
cultural hearth
an area where cultural traits develop and from which cultural traits diffuse
cultural divergence
cultures become less similair due to barriers
4 drivers of cultural change
globalization, urbanization, migration, and tech advances
cultural convergence
cultures become more similair through interaction
cultural barriers to diffusion
cultural beliefs (norms and taboos) that prevent diffusion
political barriers to diffusion
laws or other political boundaries
physical barriers to diffusion
physical features
colonialism
exerting force over another area and having complete control over them
acculturation
people within one culture adopt some of the traits of another while still retaining their own distinct culture
appropriation
the act of adopting elements of another culture
