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FINALS BACTE LEC > Unit 4 > Flashcards

Unit 4 Flashcards

1
Q

blood-loving: requiring enriched media, containing blood/ its derivatives, that provide preformed growth factors, X & V; isolation usually requires presence of X and/or V factor in culture medium

A

HAEMOPHILUS SPECIES

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2
Q

FACTORS:
1. protoporphyrin IX which acts physiologically as hemin
2. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or NAD phosphate (NADP)
3. may also be provided by a suspension of hemolytic strains of bacteria
4. important component of cytochromes, catalase, & peroxidase
5. heat stable: incorporation of heat-lyses
6. heat labile; incorporation of yeast extract or other appropriate supplements

A
  1. Factor X
  2. Factor V
  3. Factor V
  4. Factor X
  5. Factor X
  6. Factor V
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3
Q

HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE:
1. common name:
2. requires ___ for growth
3. habitat:

A
  1. Pfeiffer’s bacillus
  2. requires both X & V factor
  3. upper respiratory tract
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4
Q

HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE: PATHOGENESIS:

_____: untreated cases have high fatality (up to 90%) even w/ prompt diagnosis

  1. similar presentation w/
  2. still a problem if a child is ___ years & not vaccinated
  3. most common cause of this in children between
A

MENINGITIS

  1. meningococcal meningitis
  2. <2
  3. 3 months & 6 y/o
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5
Q

HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE: PATHOGENESIS:

_____: acute inflammation & intense edema may cause complete airway obstruction and suffocation

  1. most common cause of this potentially fatal disease in children between ages of
A

EPIGLOTTIS

  1. ages of 2 & 4
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6
Q

HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE: PATHOGENESIS:

_____: early manifestation of acute H. influenzae type b meningitis but in some infants, may occur w/o meningitis

  1. fever, lethargy & high ____
A

BACTEREMIA

  1. neutrophil count
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7
Q

HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE: PATHOGENESIS:

_____: H. influenzae (nontypeable strains) are second to S. Pneumoniae as common cause of *** in children

  1. most frequently in children aged _____ w highest incidence among children ____
A

_____: OTITIS MEDIA

  1. 6 months-5yrs w highest incidence among children <3y/o
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8
Q

HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE: PATHOGENESIS:

_____: characterized by persistent cold symptoms, purulent nasal/ post nasal discharge, cough, fever, headache, and often facial pain

_____: particularly in individuals w/ other underlying pulmonary
infections

  1. can be a manifestation of systemic infections caused by
  2. similar to
A

SINUSITIS

PNEUMONIAE

  1. H. Influenzae type b
  2. pneumococcal pneumonia
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9
Q

HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE: VF:

  1. most important factor of H. influenza
  2. H. influenzae is the only member of the genus that produces
  3. favor attachment of nontypeable strain
  4. each component is responsible for invasiveness, attachment, & antiphagocytic function
  5. allows organism to resist
    phagocytosis & intracellular killing by neutrophils and complement
  6. allowing bacteria to attach to these surfaces
  7. paralyzing effect on sweeping motion
  8. play a significant role in human immunity
A
  1. CAPSULE
  2. IMMUNOGLOBULIN A (IGA) PROTEASES
  3. PILI
  4. OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEINS
  5. CAPSULE
  6. IMMUNOGLOBULIN A (IGA) PROTEASES
  7. OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEINS
  8. OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEINS
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10
Q

HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE: PREVENTION:

H. influenzae type b (HiB) disease can be prevented by
vaccination: prepared from

  1. PRP-OMPC
  2. PRP-T
  3. PRP-D
  4. CRM197 mutant C. diphtheriae toxin protein

—-
depending on which vaccine product is chosen, the series
consists of 3 doses at ____ months of age or 2 doses
given at _____ months of age; booster =

A

purified capsular polysaccharide
of H. influenzae type b

  1. N. meningitidis outer membrane protein complex
  2. Tetanus toxoid
  3. Diptheria toxoid
  4. HbOC

—-
3 doses = 2,4,6
2 doses = 2,4
booster = 12&15 months

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11
Q

OTHER HAEMOPHILUS SPECIES: Haemophilus aegyptius

  1. common name:
  2. etiologic agent of an
  3. disease is accompanied by
  4. ____: causative agent of a severe illness called
  5. requires
A
  1. Koch-Weeks bacillus
  2. communicable conjunctivitis/ pink eye
  3. subconjunctival hemorrhage
  4. H. aegyptius biotype III; Brazilian Purpuric Fever (BFP)
  5. Factor X & Factor V
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12
Q

OTHER HAEMOPHILUS SPECIES:

causes highly communicable
sexually transmitted genital ulcer disease (GUD)

  1. causes
  2. arranged in ___ groups (“school of fish”) or ____ chains
  3. more ____ than H. influenza
  4. requires
A

Haemophilus ducreyi

  1. chancroid (soft chancre)
  2. clustered groups (“school of fish”) or loosely coiled parallel chains
  3. fastidious
  4. X factor
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13
Q

OTHER HAEMOPHILUS SPECIES:

involved in infective endocarditis in adults w/ underlying
congenital or rheumatic heart disease which is characterized to
have insidious onset

  1. member of the normal oral &
  2. requires
A

Haemophilus parainfluenzae

  1. nasopharyngeal flora
  2. V factor
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14
Q

OTHER HAEMOPHILUS SPECIES:

part of normal flora of respiratory tract and are rarely
associated w/ infections

A

Haemophilus haemolyticus &
Haemophilus parahaemolyticus

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15
Q

B hemolysis of Haemophilus
1. Influenzae
2. Aegyptius
3. Ducreyi
4. Parainfluenzae
5. Haemolyticus
6. Parahaemolyticus

Poryphrin test of Haemophilus
1. Influenzae
2. Aegyptius
3. Ducreyi
4. Parainfluenzae
5. Haemolyticus
6. Parahaemolyticus

A
  1. Neg
  2. Neg
  3. Neg
  4. Neg
  5. Pos
  6. Pos
    ——
  7. Neg
  8. Neg
  9. Neg
  10. Pos
  11. Neg
  12. Pos
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16
Q

X factor of Haemophilus
1. Influenzae
2. Aegyptius
3. Ducreyi
4. Parainfluenzae
5. Haemolyticus
6. Parahaemolyticus

V factor of Haemophilus
1. Influenzae
2. Aegyptius
3. Ducreyi
4. Parainfluenzae
5. Haemolyticus
6. Parahaemolyticus

A
  1. Pos
  2. Pos
  3. Pos
  4. Neg
  5. Pos
  6. Neg
    ——
  7. Pos
  8. Pos
  9. Neg
  10. Pos
  11. Pos
  12. Pos
17
Q

do not utilize carbohydrates; inactive in biochemical tests

A

BORDATELLA SPECIES

18
Q

BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS
1. common name:
2. habitat

A
  1. Bordet-Gengou bacillus
  2. Bordatella
19
Q

BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS PATHOGENESIS:

_____: contagious childhood illness that causes acute tracheobronchitis, w/ ____ day incubation

Phases:

  1. persists for 1-2 wks
  2. during 2ndwk of illness; lasts for 2-4 weeks
  3. begins within 4wks
  4. infection is highly communicable
  5. characterized by paroxysms of cough (severe, repetitive coughing) followed by characteristic “whoop
  6. of onset w/ decrease in frequency and severity of coughing spells
  7. secondary complications:
A

Pertussis/ Whooping Cough; 7-10 days

  1. Cattarhal Phase
  2. Paroxysmal Phase
  3. Convalescent Phase
  4. Cattarhal Phase
  5. Paroxysmal Phase
  6. Convalescent Phase
  7. Pneumoniae, Otitis media, Encephalopathy
20
Q

BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS VF:

  1. mediate adhesion of organism to ciliated epithelial cells
  2. essential for tracheal colonization
  3. major virulence factor of B. pertussis
  4. protein exotoxin found outside of B. pertussis cell
  5. fragment of bacterial peptidoglycan that inhibits DNA synthesis
  6. potent, pore-forming toxin which enters host cells and catalyzes conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP
  7. induce programmed cell death
  8. act in concert w/ endotoxin (LPS) to induce nitric oxide
A
  1. FIMBRIAE; FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ; & PERTACTIN
  2. FIMBRIAE; FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ; & PERTACTIN
  3. PERTUSSIS TOXIN (PT)
  4. PERTUSSIS TOXIN (PT)
  5. TRACHEAL CYTOTOXIN
  6. ADENYLATE CYCLASE (AC)
  7. ADENYLATE CYCLASE (AC)
  8. TRACHEAL CYTOTOXIN
21
Q

BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS Prevention:

  1. inclusion of accelular vaccine
  2. given to infants in 3 injections during 1st year of life (at ____) followed by booster series (at ___ months, ____ years) for a total of five doses
A
    • inactivated pertussis toxin
    • filamentous hemagglutinin
    • either fimbrial proteins or pertactin
  2. 1st year of life = 2,4,6 months booster series = 15-18 months, 4-6yeara
22
Q

OTHER BORDETELLA SPECIES:

  1. disease similar to whooping cough, but it is generally less severe
  2. infrequently responsible for chronic respiratory tract
    infections in humans which generally manifest w/ nonspecific cough or bronchitis
    - dogs =
    - swine =
    - rabbits =
  3. also possesses β-lactamase that renders it resistant to
    penicillins & cephalosporins
A
  1. Bordetella parapertussis
  2. Bordetella bronchiseptica
    - kennel cough
    - atrophic rhinitis
    - snuffles
  3. Bordetella bronchiseptica
23
Q

BORDATELLA SPECIES

CPOP
1. Pertussis
2. Parapertusiss
3. Beocnhiseptica

MOTILITY NITRATE
1. Pertussis
2. Parapertusiss
3. Beocnhiseptica

UREASE
1. Pertussis
2. Parapertusiss
3. Beocnhiseptica

A

CPOP
1. Pos-Pos
2. Pos-Neg
3. Pos-Pos

MOTILITY NITRATE
1. Neg-Neg
2. Neg-Neg
3. Pos-Pos

UREASE
1. Neg
2. Pos
3. Pos

24
Q

BRUCELLA SPECIES:

  1. animals, brucellae typically have predilection for organs rich
    in ___ present in reproductive organs, and sterility or abortion are often the only signs of the disorder
  2. represents potent localizing factor in relevant species, but is absent in humans
  3. either an acute febrile disease or a persistent disease w/ wide variety of symptoms
  4. they have ______
A
  1. erythritol
  2. erythritol
  3. human brucellosis
  4. complex nutritional reqs

FINALS BACTE LEC (9 decks)

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