Unit 4 Flashcards
It is used to test the mechanical properties of a given test specimen by exerting tensile, compressive or transverse stresses.
Universal Testing Machine (UTM)
Measures how strong it is (tensile strength), how stretchy it is (elongation), and how stiff it is (tensile modulus).
Tensile Test
Where you compress an object until a certain load or distance has been reached or the product breaks.
Compression Test
Similar to a tensile test - you pull apart two materials that have been bonded together.
Adhesion Tests (Peel Test)
Is usually performed to measure the flexural strength and modulus of some types of materials and products.
Bend Testing (Flexural Testing)
The arrangement of the test specimen and the exertion of the load is held in the _______________.
loading unit
The variations in the application of the load and the corresponding test result are obtained from the _______________.
control unit
It is the topmost part of the UTM.
Upper Crosshead
Used to grip the upper end of the samples.
Upper Grip
Used to adjust the position of the lower crosshead.
Screw
Used to grip the lower end of the sample together with the lower crosshead, it moves downward during tensile and peel/adhesive test.
Lower Grip
Supports the test frame.
Column
Lower head of the UTM and is one of the important parts. Has upward and downward movement.
Lower Crosshead
It is where the compression and bending tests take place.
Press Plate/Compression Plate
Put the compression and bending test fixtures.
Working Table
Can be seen when the metal sheet is removed. Test loading system.
Cylinder
Covers the internal parts of the UTM.
Metal Sheet
Supports the whole UTM.
Baseplate
Controls the upper and lower grips.
Grip Control Sytem
Brain of the computer where most calculations take place
Control Processing Unit (CPU)
Output device that displays information.
Computer monitor
Used to print the results of the test conducted.
Printer
Used to turn on the machine by rotating the switch clockwise.
Power Switch
A fail - safe control switch that provides both safety for the machinery and for the person using the machinery. Used to stop the machinery quickly when there is a risk of injury or the workflow requires stopping.
Emergency Stop
Used to ensure that the specified test rate is accurately maintained throughout the test.
Digital Controller
It is a pre-cast hollow building unit with cells composed of Portland Cement, suitable aggregates, with or without inclusions of other materials.
Concrete Hollow Blocks (CHB)
Concrete mortar was used by the Romans as early as _______.
200 B.C.
A building made of concrete hollow blocks provides comfortable interiors due to __________________.
thermal insulation
Standard Specification for hollow load-bearing concrete masonry units
ASTM C90
What is the recommended water-cement ration?
0.5
Commonly being used in building construction such as walls, partitions, fences or dividers. They are ranging from 3 to 6 in. and are not capable of super-imposed load and are carrying their own weights only.
Non-Load Bearing Concrete Hollow Blocks
Are blocks whose thickness ranging from 6 to 8 inches or more, and capable of carrying super imposed load aside from its own weight. This may be used in exterior walls below grade and for unplastered exterior wall above grade that may or may not be exposed to weather.
Load Bearing Concrete Hollow Blocks
Standard Specification for Non-Load Bearing Concrete masonry units.
ASTM C129
Standard Specification for sampling and testing of concrete hollow blocks.
ASTM C140
1 quality test for every ____________ CHB.
10,000 units
How many units of CHB per 1 quality test.
6 units
What test do Concrete Hollow Blocks undergo.
- Dimension Measurements
- Compressive Strength Test
- Absorption Test
How do you calculate the minimum compressive strength of a CHB.
Maximum Load/Minimum Net Area (MPa)
This test is performed as to determine the actual percentage of water and the absorption characteristics of the concrete when subjected in a saturated condition.
Absorption Test
How do you calculate the density of CHB. (kg/m³)
C -Dry weight of unit/(E-Saturated weight of unit) — (F-Suspended Immersed Weight of Unit) × 1000
Net Volume, (A) m³
C - Dry weight of unit ÷ D - Density
Average Net Area
A - Net Volume ÷ H - height of unit
Gross area
L × W
where:
L = length of unit
W = width of unit
Absorption, %
(E - C/C) × 100
where:
E = saturated weight of unit, kg
C = Dry weight of unit, kg
Absorption, kg/m³
(E - C ÷ E - F) × 1000
where:
E = saturated weight of unit, kg
C = dry weight of unit, kg
F = suspended Immersed weight of unit, kg
Moisture Content, %
(G - C ÷ E - C) × 100
where:
G = receive weight of unit, kg
C = dry weight of unit, kg
E = saturated weight of unit, kg
