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Construction Materials > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

A mixture of fine aggregates or sand, coarse aggregates or gravel, cement, water, and/or admixtures.

A

Concrete

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2
Q

Concrete comes from the Latin word ____________ which means _____________.

A

concretus, growing together

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3
Q

In concrete, paste is composed of ________ and __________.

A

Cement and water

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4
Q

In concrete, mineral aggregate is composed of ________ and __________.

A

Coarse Aggregate and Fine Aggregate

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5
Q

The volume of concrete is composed of ______ percent of aggregates.

A

66-78

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6
Q

The volume of concrete is composed of 7-14% ________.

A

Cement

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7
Q

Concrete is composed of _________ percent water.

A

15-20

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8
Q

___________ as the hydrated paste is the binder of concrete.

A

Cement

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9
Q

A cementitious material includes Portland Cement, blended cements, ground granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fume, metakaolins, and other materials having cementitious properties.

A

Cement

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10
Q

The aggregates give volume to the concrete because they occupy maximum space in the total area of concrete. [True or False]

A

[False]. It gives volume to concrete because they occupy maximum space in the total VOLUME of concrete.

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11
Q

Efforts should be made to use maximum quantity of aggregates as these increase the volumetric stability of concrete and make the mix design more economical. [True or False]

A

True

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12
Q

____________ are what we call on to stones or gravel.

A

Coarse aggregates

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13
Q

____________ is the sand or finer materials that can be found in river, beach and or crushing plants.

A

Fine aggregates

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14
Q

________ is indispensable because it is required for reaction of hydration.

A

Water

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15
Q

Water should be use to maximum considering the requirement for chemical reaction with cement and workability only. [True of False]

A

[False] Water should be RESTRICTED TO MINIMUM AS POSSIBLE considering the requirement for chemical reaction with cement and workability only.

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16
Q

Strength and durability will be adversely affected when water is excessive. [True or False]

A

True

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17
Q

It is used to modify some of the properties of concrete such as setting time, workability or surface finishing characteristics.

A

Admixtures

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18
Q

When storing the cement on small jobs where a shed is not available, bags should be placed on raised wooden platforms at least _______ inches above the ground and water coverings should fit over the pile and extend over the cement and the platform.

A

4 to 6

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19
Q

When storing aggregates, same sizes of aggregates shall be stored in separate bins. [ True or False ]

A

False

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20
Q

Who invented the cement.

A

Joseph Aspdin

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21
Q

_________ are those materials which contributes Silica (SiO3), Alumina (Al2O3) and Iron Oxide (Fe2O3) to the clinker, it includes clay, shale, blast furnace slag, iron ore and sand.

A

Argillaceous Raw Materials

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22
Q

_______________ are those materials which contributes Lime (CaO) and Magnesia (MgO) to the clinker, it includes limestone, chalk, marls, and marine (oyster shells).

A

Calcareous Raw Materials

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23
Q

Clinker + Gypsum = ____________

A

Portland Cement

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24
Q

A material that sets or hardens by chemical reaction with water in air.

A

Hydraulic Cement

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25
Q

A hydraulic cement produced by pulverizing cement clinker and gypsum (calcium sulfate).

A

Portland Cement

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26
Q

A hydraulic cement consisting of two or more inorganic constituents ( at least one of which is not a portland cement of Portland cement clinker) which separately or in combination contribute to the strength gaining properties of the cement.

A

Blended Cement

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27
Q

Adding mineral admixtures such as slag, which is produced as a byproduct of other industrial processes, lowers the energy expenditure in producing overall quantities of OPC by around a ______________.

A

megawatt per ton

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28
Q

A blended hydraulic cement consisting of an intimate blend of portland cement or Portland blast - furnace slag cement and fine pozzolan produced by intergrinding Portland cement clinker and pozzolan, in which the amount of pozzolan constituent is within specified limits.

A

Portland - Pozzolan Cement

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29
Q

For general concrete construction use when the special properties for any other type are not required.

A

Portland Cement, Type I

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30
Q

For general concrete construction, High sulfate resistance cement

A

Portland Cement, Type V

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31
Q

For general concrete construction, Moderate Sulfate resistance or moderate heat of hydration cement

A

Portland Cement, Type II

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32
Q

For general concrete construction, Low heat of hydration cement

A

Portland Cement, Type IV

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33
Q

For general concrete construction, High early strength cement

A

Portland Cement, Type III

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34
Q

For general construction use when the special properties specified for any other type are not required.

A

White Portland Cement, Type I

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35
Q

Primarily used in masonry and plastering construction.

A

Masonry Cement

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36
Q

For general concrete construction use, Moderate sulfate resistant and moderate heat of hydration cement

A

Portland - Pozzolan, T - IP

37
Q

For general concrete construction not requiring high early strength, sulfate resistant, Low Heat of hydration cement

A

Slag Cement

38
Q

The condition by which the mortar or concrete starts to develop and gain its strength.

A

Hardening of Cement

39
Q

The condition by which the cement paste, mortar or concrete mix starts to lose its plasticity and gain a certain degree of rigidity.

A

Setting of Cement

40
Q

The quantity of heat that are liberated (exothermic) from the reaction of cement with water.

A

Heat of Hydration

41
Q

It is the chemical reaction that takes place when Portland cement and water are mixed together.

A

Hydration

42
Q

Specifications of Masonry Cement

A

AASHTO M 150 (ASTM C 91)

43
Q

Specifications of Portland Cement

A

AASHTO M 85 ( ASTM C 150)

44
Q

Specifications of Blended Hydraulic Cements

A

AASHTO M 240 (ASTM C 595)

45
Q

The Owner shall provide suitable means of storing and protecting the cement against dampness. [ True of False ]

A

False. The CONTRACTOR shall provide ~

46
Q

Cement salvaged from discarded or used bags shall not be used. [ True or False ]

A

True

47
Q

The compressive strength of mortar samples tested at 7 days can be considered for acceptance of cement quality provided that the strength of the samples at 7 days is not less than _____________ which is _____ of the compressive strength requirement for 28 days (27.6 MPa) when tested in accordance with ASTM C 150).

A

23.46 MPa, 85%

48
Q

Cement testing is the basis for compliance of physical and mechanical properties with specification requirements. [True of False ]

A

[False] Cement testing is the basis for compliance of physical and CHEMICAL properties with specification requirements.

49
Q

Cement testing indicates phase composition of clinker and cement use for quality. [ True or False ]

A

True

50
Q

____________ is the separation of coarse aggregates (stones).

A

Segregation

51
Q

_____________ is the separation of cement paste from the main mass.

A

Bleeding

52
Q

Among the various properties of concrete, its compressive strength is considered to be the most important and is taken as an index of its overall quality. [True of False]

A

True

53
Q

The proper method of handling and placing the fresh concrete contribute to the production of quality concrete. [ True or False ]

A

True

54
Q

The lower the water-cement ratio, the greater the strength of concrete. [True or False]

A

True

55
Q

This method covers determination of the density of hydraulic cement.

A

Standard Method of Test for Density of Hydraulic Cement (AASHTO T - 133 / ASTM C 188)

56
Q

The density of hydraulic cement is defined as the _____ of a unit volume of the solids.

A

mass

57
Q

Both strength and permeability are influenced by ____________.

A

fineness

58
Q

Increasing the fineness substantially increase the rate of _____________.

A

hydration

59
Q

To determine whether or not the hydraulic cement under the test meets the air - entraining or non-air-entraining requirements of the applicable hydraulic cement specification.

A

Air Content (ASTM C 185)

60
Q

Controls the ability to withstand cycles of freezing and thawing.

A

Air Content (ASTM C 185)

61
Q

To determine the amount of water required to prepare hydraulic pastes for testing.

A

Normal Consistency (ASTM C187)

62
Q

_______________ generally assumed to affect concrete workability.

A

Cement consistency

63
Q

Apparatus use to determine the consistency of the cement.

A

Vicat Apparatus

64
Q

Measures the penetration resistance of cement paste or mortar.

A

TIME SETTING Using Vicat Needle

65
Q

__________ refers to the stiffening of the cement paste or the change from plastic state to solid state.

A

Setting

66
Q

__________ corresponds to a rapid rise and ____________ corresponds to the peak temperature.

A

Initial set, final set

67
Q

_________ which sometimes occurs within a few minutes of mixing with water.

A

False set

68
Q

__________ is characterized by the liberation of heat.

A

Flash set

69
Q

Provides an index of potential delayed expansion caused by hydration of free lime (CaO) or MgO or both.

A

Soundness Determination by Autoclave Expansion

70
Q

This method is used to determine the compressive strength of hydraulic cement that will be used to determine compliance with specifications.

A

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH of Hydraulic Cement mortars using 2-in. or (50mm) Cube Specimen.

71
Q

___________ is the weight percentage lost when Portland cement is heated at 950 ± 50°C. It is added in cement specification to prevent the addition of carbonate minerals such as limestone and dolomite.

A

Loss On Ignition

72
Q

All Portland Cement contains _________ from silicate impurities of gypsum (CaSO4) added during the final grinding process.

A

Insoluble Residue

73
Q

It regulates the initial setting and hardening reactions that takes place during hydration.

A

Sulfur Trioxide (SO3)

74
Q

SO3 above a certain optimum % causes a decrease in strength and an increase in expansion. [True or False]

A

True

75
Q

A freshly mixed material which can be molded into a shape.

A

Fresh concrete or plastic concrete

76
Q

Enumerate the apparatus for workability test of concrete

A

Slump Test Apparatus
Kelly Ball Test Apparatus
Compaction Factor Apparatus
Flow Table
Vee Bee Consistometer

77
Q

It means the behavior of the fresh concrete during mixing, handling, delivery, and placement at the point of placing and then during the compaction and finishing of the surface.

A

Workability

78
Q

Defined as mass of water divided by the mass of cement in a mix.

A

Water - cement ratio

79
Q

As aggregate surface area decreases, more cement paste is needed to cover the entire surface of aggregates. [True or False]

A

[False] As aggregate surface area INCREASES, more cement paste is needed to cover the entire surface of aggregates.

80
Q

A measure of the workability of the concrete. It is controlled by the amount of water that is batched into the concrete.

A

Slump

81
Q

The top portion of the concrete shears off and slips sideways.

A

Shear Slump

82
Q

The concrete simply subsides, keeping more or less to shape.

A

True Slump

83
Q

The concrete collapses completely.

A

Collapse Slump

84
Q

A set of _______________ for structural concrete or a set of __________ for paving concrete shall be obtained for each day of concreting operations.

A

3 cylinder samples, 3 beam samples

85
Q

A set shall represent ________ or fraction thereof for each class of concrete.

A

75 cu.m

86
Q

The elapsed time between obtaining the first and
final portions of the composite samples shall be a short as possible, but in no instance shall it
exceed ____ minutes.

A

15

87
Q

Sample the concrete at two or
more regularly spaced intervals during
discharge of the middle portion of the batch. Take the samples within the time limit of 15
minutes and composite them into one sample for test purposes.

A

Sampling from Stationary Mixers

88
Q

Sample the
concrete after the contents of the paving mixer have
been discharge. Obtain samples from at least five different portions of the pile and then composite into
one sample for test purposes. Avoid contamination with subgrade materials or prolong contact with an
absorptive subgrade.

A

Sampling from Paving Mixers

89
Q

Sample the concrete at two or more regularly spaced
intervals during discharge of the middle portion of the batch.
Take the samples within the time limit specified for sampling
fresh concrete and composite them into one sample for test
purposes. In any case do not obtain samples from the first or
last portions of the batch discharge.

A

Sampling from Revolving Drum/Truck Mixers or Agitators

Construction Materials (4 decks)

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