Unit 4 Flashcards
Flashcards for Unit Test
What is Allele Frequency?
Allele Frequency is the percentage of a specific gene variant in a population. It indicates how common a particular allele is within a group of individuals.
What is the Founder Effect?
The founder effect occurs when a small group starts a new population, shaping its genetic composition based on the genes of the founding individuals. This can lead to reduced genetic diversity and a concentration of specific alleles in the descendant population.
What are Climax Species?
They are the dominant and stable plants or animals in a specific environment, representing the final stage of ecological development, and they are well-adapted to the prevailing conditions in that ecosystem.
What is Mutualism?
Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship where two species benefit from each other. Both partners gain advantages, promoting the well-being of both organisms.
What is Parasitism?
It is a symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits (the parasite) while harming the other (the host). The parasite derives nutrients or resources from the host.
What is the difference between Immigration and Emigration?
Immigration is the movement of people into a new country, while emigration is the act of leaving one’s own country to live elsewhere.
What is Biotic Potential(r)?
It is the highest possible per capita growth rate for a population given unlimited resources and ideal living conditions.
What is Carrying Capacity(k)?
It is the maximum population size that the environment can sustain
What are the two Limiting Factors?
The first is Density-independent (ABIOTIC) factors, and it is factors that affect members of a population regardless of its size and density (e.g. floods, extreme temperatures). The second is Density-dependent (BIOTIC) factors, and it is factors that arise from population density (e.g. food, space).
What is a Life Strategy?
It refers to how a species manages its growth, reproduction, and survival in specific environmental conditions. It also involves the allocation of energy and resources to maximize the species’ chances of success in a particular ecological niche.
Name both Life Strategies?
R-selected strategies are life strategies designed to take advantage of favorable conditions which are their short life span, reproduction at an early age, reproduce in large quantities, and provide almost little or no parental care (e.g. Mosquito). K-selected strategies are life strategies designed to take advantage of stable environment conditions, and their characteristics are the polar opposites of R-selected strategies (e.g. Bison).
What is a J-Shaped Curve (Exponential Growth)?
A population that grows exponentially due to its biotic potential.
What is an S-Shaped Curve?
It is when a population increases, limiting factors will slow the growth rate and the population will follow a logistic growth pattern (or curve).
What is the difference between Primary and Secondary Succession?
Primary succession begins in areas without soil, while Secondary succession begins in areas that already have soil and remnants of a previous community.
What does it mean to Increase and Decrease in Biotic Potential?
An Increase in Biotic potential indicates favorable conditions for population growth, while a Decrease suggests challenges or limitations that hinder the population’s ability to reproduce and expand.
