Unit 1 Flashcards
Unit 1 Review
What are Skeletal Muscles controlled by?
The Somatic Nervous System
What is a good summary of the Reflex Arc?
A reflex arc is a neural pathway that enables rapid, involuntary responses to stimuli without conscious thought. It involves a receptor, sensory and motor neurons, an integration center in the CNS, and an effector, allowing the body to quickly and automatically react to potential threats or environmental changes.
What are 5 parts of the Neuron?
Dendrite, Cell Body, Nucleus, Nodes of Ranvier, Axon, and Myelin Sheath a.k.a Schwann Cell.
What is the Primary Function of the Cerebrum?
Intellect, Memory, Language, Response to Sensory Info
What is the Primary Function of the Corpus Callosum?
Connects Left and Right Cerebral Hemispheres and serves as a major bundle of nerve fibers that allows the exchange of information, enabling integration of sensory and motor signals across both cerebral hemispheres.
What is the Primary Function of the Midbrain?
Serves as a relay center for auditory and visual information, playing a crucial role in sensory processing, and s involved in the regulation of motor functions, including the control of eye movement and coordination of reflex responses to stimuli.
What is the Primary Function of the Cerebellum?
Coordinates and regulates voluntary muscle movements, balance, and posture. It receives information from the sensory systems, spinal cord, and other parts of the brain to fine-tune motor commands, ensuring smooth and precise execution of movements.
What is the Primary Function of the Medulla Oblongata?
Regulates vital involuntary functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure, serves as a crucial part of the brainstem, connecting the spinal cord to higher brain regions, and plays a vital role in maintaining essential physiological processes that are fundamental for survival.
What is the Primary Function of the Pons?
Serves as a bridge between different parts of the brain, connecting the medulla oblongata and the cerebellum with higher brain centers, and plays a crucial role in coordinating communication between different brain regions, contributing to functions such as breathing, facial movements, and certain aspects of sleep regulation.
What is the Primary Function of the Hypothalamus?
Serves as a vital regulatory center in the brain, primarily responsible for maintaining homeostasis by controlling various physiological processes such as body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sleep-wake cycles, and it plays a key role in regulating the endocrine system by influencing the pituitary gland and, consequently, the release of hormones that govern various bodily functions.
What are the 3 Layers of the Meninges?
The tough outer layer called DURA MATER, the delicate ARACHNOID MATER containing cerebrospinal fluid, and the innermost layer, PIA MATER, adhering to the surface of the brain and spinal cord. These layers collectively protect and support the central nervous system.
What are the Four Lobes of the Brain and their Primary Responsibilities?
The Parietal Lobe (Taste and Somatosensory), Temporal Lobe (Auditory), Frontal Lobe (Motor Functions, Speech, and Memory), and Occipital Lobe (Vision).
What are the Two Types of Nervous Tissue in the CNS?
White Matter (Myelinated Neuron, so the deep layer of the brain and outer portion of the spinal cord) and Grey Matter (Unmyelinated Neuron, so the surface layer of the brain and center of the spinal cord).
