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chemistry > unit 4 > Flashcards

unit 4 Flashcards

1
Q

how do you find molecular formula?

A
  1. find the empirical formula
  2. calculate the mass of the empirical formula
    3.divide the molar mass by the empirical formula mass
  3. multiply the empirical formula by the whole number found in step 3
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2
Q

what is the first step to finding molecular formula?

A

1.find the empirical formula

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3
Q

what is the second step to finding molecular formula

A
  1. calculate the mass of the empirical formula
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4
Q

what is the third step to finding molecular formula

A
  1. divide the molar mass by the empirical formula mass
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5
Q

what the fourth step to finding molecular formula

A

4.multiply the empirical formula by the whole number found in step 3

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6
Q

what prefixes do you use to name hyrdates

A

the same prefixes as covalent

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7
Q

metal is what type of bond

A

ionic

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8
Q

non-metal is what type of bond

A

covalent

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9
Q

how do you name covalent compounds

A

prefix for element 1 + element 1
prefix for element 2 +element 2

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10
Q

what are ionic bonds made up of

A

metals + non-metals

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11
Q

what charge dose zinc always have

A

+2

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12
Q

because zinc is always +2 what dose it not need when you write its name

A

roman numeral

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12
Q

what charge dose silver always have

A

+1

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12
Q

cupric

A

copper 2

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13
Q

cuprous

A

copper 1

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14
Q

ferrous

A

iron 2

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15
Q

ferric

A

iron 3

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16
Q

covalent bonds are made up of what

A

non-metals

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17
Q

mono

A

1

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18
Q

di

A

2

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19
Q

1

A

mono

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20
Q

2

A

di

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21
Q

tri

A

3

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22
Q

3

A

tri

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23
Q

tetra

A

4

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24
Q

4

A

tetra

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25
Q

penta

A

5

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26
Q

5

A

penta

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27
Q

hexa

A

6

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28
Q

6

A

hexa

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29
Q

hepta

A

7

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30
Q

7

A

hepta

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31
Q

octa

A

8

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32
Q

8

A

octa

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33
Q

nona

A

9

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34
Q

9

A

nona

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35
Q

deca

A

10

36
Q

10

A

deca

37
Q

when writing covalent forms what do you not do

A

switch the charges

38
Q

if it has metal what is it

A

ionic

39
Q

if it does not have metal what is it

A

covalent

40
Q

carbonate

A

CO3 -2

41
Q

CO3 -2

A

carbonate

42
Q

sulfate

A

SO4 -2

43
Q

SO4 -2

A

sulfate

44
Q

sulfite

A

SO3 -2

45
Q

SO3 -2

A

sulfite

46
Q

nitrate

A

NO3 -1

47
Q

NO3 -1

A

nitrate

48
Q

nitrite

A

NO2 -1

49
Q

NO2 -1

A

nitrite

50
Q

hydroxide

A

OH -1

51
Q

OH -1

A

hydroxide

52
Q

ammonium

A

NH4 +1

53
Q

NH4 +1

A

ammonium

54
Q

phosphate

A

PO4 -3

55
Q

PO4 -3

A

phosphate

56
Q

CN -1

A

cyanide

57
Q

cyanide

A

CN -1

58
Q

acetate

A

C2H3O2 -1

59
Q

C2H3O2 -1

A

acetate

60
Q

permanganate

A

MnO4 -1

61
Q

MnO4 -1

A

permangnate

62
Q

chromate

A

CrO4 -2

63
Q

CrO4 -2

A

chromate

64
Q

dichromate

A

Cr2O7 -2

65
Q

Cr2O7 -2

A

dichromate

66
Q

ScN -1

A

thiocyanate

67
Q

thiocyanate

A

ScN -1

68
Q

has metal or ammonium

A

ionic

69
Q

dose not have metal or ammonium

A

covalent

70
Q

hydrate formula

A

H2O

71
Q

how do you write a hydrate in a formula

A

covalent prefix + name

72
Q

what is the structure of alkane

A

all single bonds between carbon

73
Q

what is the structure of alkene

A

double bond between carbons

74
Q

what is the structure of alkyne

A

triple bond between carbons

75
Q

how do you find precent composition

A

%= part/whole X 100

76
Q

%= part/whole X 100 is how you find whta?

A

precent composition

77
Q

how do you find empirical formula

A
  1. change the precent to mass
  2. change the mass to moles
    3.divide by the smallest answer from last step
    4.multiply until whole
78
Q

what is the first step to finding empirical formula

A
  1. change the precent to mass(grams)
79
Q

what is the second step to finding empirical formula

A
  1. change the mass to moles
80
Q

what is the third step to finding empirical formula

A
  1. divide by the smallest
81
Q

what is the fourth step to finding empirical formula

A
  1. multiply until whole
82
Q

how do you change mass to moles when finding empirical formula

A

you divide the mass (the precent that was converted to grams) by the mass on the periodic table

83
Q

nitrogen always has how many lone pairs

A

1 (2 dots)

84
Q

what element always has one lone pair

A

nitrogen

85
Q

what is a lone pair?

A

two dots, or two electrons

86
Q

how many lone pairs does oxygen always have

A

2 lone pairs (4 dots)

87
Q

what element always has 2 lone pairs

A

oxygen

88
Q

what elements have 3 lone pairs

A

F, Cl, Br, I

89
Q

F, Cl, Br, I, have how many lone pairs

A

3

chemistry (9 decks)

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