Unit 4

Question 1

Individualism

Answer 1

Each person is responsible for themselves and free to do what they choose

Question 2

Equality of opportunity

Answer 2

Each person has an opportunity to succeed, however equality of outcome is not guaranteed

Question 3

Free enterprise

Answer 3

An economic system based mostly on markets and freedom of choice to buy what you want

Question 4

Rule of law

Answer 4

No one is above the law, regardless of their position

Question 5

Limited government

Answer 5

Governmental power is limited by the constitution

Question 6

Political socialization

Answer 6

The process of a person obtaining their political ideology/beliefs
-from family, parents, peers, media

Question 7

Generational effects

Answer 7

Different voting patterns and political beliefs of people from different generations
-millennials, gen X

Question 8

Lifestyle effects

Answer 8

People focus on different issues at different points in life
-older people worry more about social security, younger worry about student debt

Question 9

Globalization

Answer 9

US political culture has both influenced and been influenced by the political values of people from other countries

Question 10

Public opinion polls

Answer 10

Poll to measure the public opinion on a particular issue

Question 11

Benchmark polls

Answer 11

Used to find out where a candidate stands before campaigning; learn strengths, weaknesses, what issues to focus on

Question 12

Tracking poll

Answer 12

A continuous poll to chart changes in opinion over time
-how does support rise of fall to that candidate

Question 13

Entrance/Exit polls

Answer 13

Taken as people enter/exit polling places on election day
-used to predict election outcome, to gain info into voter behavior, and analyze how different demographic groups voted

Question 14

Random sample

Answer 14

All persons in population have an equal chance of being selected

Question 15

Stratified sample

Answer 15

Population is divided into subgroups and weighted based on population demographics
-men/women, democrats/republican

Question 16

Sampling error

Answer 16

A polling error arising from using only a sample of population

Question 17

Margin of error

Answer 17

+/- 3% is an acceptable margin of error

Question 18

Wording of question

Answer 18

Must be neutral/unbiased

Question 19

Political ideology

Answer 19

Consistent set of political values about the purpose of government
-conservatives, liberals, libertarians

Question 20

Keynesian economics

Answer 20

Government should stimulate the economy during recessions by increasing government so spending to jumpstart the economy
-more favored by democrats

Question 21

Supply-side economics

Answer 21

Gov should stimulate the economy during recessions by cutting taxes to encourage encourage businesses to grow and tax payers to so so spend more money
-more favored by Republicans

Question 22

Free-market economics

Answer 22

Gov should take no action during a recession, the economy will fix itself
-more favored by libertarians

Question 23

Fiscal policy

Answer 23

Gov tax and spending policies
-conducted by Congress and the president

Question 24

Monetary policy

Answer 24

**To lower unemployment; lower interest rates and increase money supply
**To lower inflation; raise the interest rates and decrease money supply
-conducted by the federal reserve
-controlling the money supply and interest rates to stabilize the economy
-money supply an and interest rates are inversely related
-this is important because interest rates determine how hard or easy it is for people to borrow money