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A level politics UK > Unit 3C > Flashcards

Unit 3C Flashcards

1
Q

What are some checks on the legislature by the executive?

A
  • Veto
  • President can suggest bills
  • Pres. can call a special session of congress
  • Commander in chief
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2
Q

What are some checks on the executive by the legislature?

A
  • Confirm appointments
  • Declare war
  • Impeach president
  • Power of purse
  • Overturn veto
  • Ratify treaty
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3
Q

what are some checks on the judiciary by the legislature?

A
  • Senate approves appointments
  • Impeach judges
  • Add to lower courts
  • Change number of judges
  • Create more justices
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4
Q

What are some checks on the judiciary by the executive?

A
  • Pardons

- Choose judges

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5
Q

What are some checks on the legislature by the judiciary?

A
  • Supreme court can rule act unconstitutional
  • SC can issue/deny warrants
  • SC can rule against executive/congress
  • Congress cannot overrule SC decisions
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6
Q

What are some checks on the executive by the judiciary?

A
  • SC can vote against executive bills

- SC interprets congress’ laws

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7
Q

What is judicial activism?

A

Overturning elected officials

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8
Q

Why is judicial activism controversial?

A
  • Unelected/unnaccountable
  • Ideologically skewed
  • Long lasting/hard to undo
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9
Q

What are some weaknesses of the USSC?

A
  • Only a reactive body
  • No powers of implementation
  • Adherence to constitution
  • Can be overruled/impeached
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10
Q

What are some strengths of the USSC?

A
  • Marbury vs madison
  • Interpretative amendment
  • No longer reactive
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11
Q

What are some roberts court judicial activism examples

A

-Elections:
+CU vs FEC
+Shelby county vs holder

-Guns:
+DC vs heller
+macdonald vs chicago

-States:
Obergefell
Sebellius

-National security
+Hamdi vs rumsfeld

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12
Q

What are the purpose of national conventions?

A
  • Nominee
  • Vice president
  • Policy
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13
Q

What are the new purposes of a national convention

A
  • Poll bounce
  • Party unity
  • Attention
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14
Q

Why are midterms uncompetitive?

A

-Name/recognition
-Money/resources
-Gerrymandering
(1994/2010/2006 incumbency not effective)

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15
Q

Why are midterms important?

A
  • Presidential power
  • Policy (gridlock)
  • Representative “referendum on president”
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16
Q

What are the biggest divisions between parties?

A
  • Immigration (dreamers)
  • Healthcare(Passed in 2010, introduced in 2014)
  • Budget(debt ceiling)
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17
Q

What are some traditional GOP and Trump overlapping policies?

A
  • Economy/tax cuts
  • Law + order
  • National security
  • Social conservatism (abortion, military)
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18
Q

What are some divisions within the democratic party?

A
  • CPC vs sanders, identity politics
  • Economic radicalisation
  • Foreign policy
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19
Q

Why are some pressure groups more successful than others?

A
  • Resources/membership
  • Connections
  • Circumstances
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20
Q

What affects the presidents ability to influence the USSC?

A
  • Very little power
  • Nominations (some influence)
  • Politicisation
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21
Q

What are some factors in nomination choice?

A
  • Ideology/philosophy
  • Certainty
  • Representation
  • Senate
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22
Q

Why are nominations controversial?

A
  • High stakes
  • Increasingly ideological
  • Politicised process
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23
Q

Why is the appointments process criticised?

A
  • Too ideological
  • Too politicised
  • Outside influence
24
Q

What should a cabinet represent?

A
  • Social/racial makeup
  • range of political views
  • Experience
25
Q

Who did Obama keep from the GOP?

A
  • Treasury sec.

- Defense sec.

26
Q

What are the powers of the cabinet?

A
  • Running a department
  • Influencing the President
  • Representative
27
Q

What are the powers of the EXOP?

A
  • Run the executive office
  • More important than the cabinet
  • Unseen
28
Q

What are some examples of the constitution being too inflexible?

A
  • Guns
  • Free speech
  • 10th amendment (rights given to people and states)
  • Gridlock
29
Q

What are some examples of constitution being too adaptable?

A
  • “crisis” presidential power
  • Creeping growth of judicial power
  • Politicisation of congress
  • Decrease in federal power
30
Q

What is evidence the constitution’s flexibility is just right?

A
  • It has worked for years
  • Periods of change “crisis”
  • Some controversial policies haven’t been allowed
31
Q

What was the founding fathers vision of the constitution?

A
  • congress most powerful branch
  • “United” states > Federalism
  • Limited executive
  • Enshrined rights
  • Effective separation of powers
32
Q

What is a key Veto example?

A

9/11 victims bill

33
Q

What are some key treaty examples?

A
  • UN arms trade treaty (Obama)

- NAFTA (Clinton)

34
Q

What are some key President war powers examples?

A
  • Bush soldiers in Iraq
  • Reagan libya in air
  • Trump Syria anti gas attacks
35
Q

What are some key pardon examples?

A
  • Chelsea Manning
  • Nixon
  • Libby (GWB + Trump)
  • Arpaio (Trump)
36
Q

Where are some places power lies in congress?

A
  • Party leadership
  • Committees
  • Caucuses
  • House rules ctee > money from every PG
37
Q

Why do Presidents pardon?

A
  • Political gain
  • Self interest
  • Justice
  • Limit power of courts
38
Q

Why are pardons significant?

A
  • Unlimited power
  • Political interests
  • Justice served
39
Q

Why are pardons insignificant?

A
  • Rarely used

- Meant to check court power, often doesn’t

40
Q

How do PG’s connect with the USSC?

A
  • Bringing case + amicus briefs
  • Protests
  • Appointment pressure
41
Q

How do PG’s influence the Senate?

A
  • Lobbying
  • Via states
  • Committees (Iron triangles)
42
Q

Why do PG’s target the Senate?

A
  • Easier to influence
  • Legislative power
  • Exclusive powers (Appointments, foreign policy)
43
Q

What influences congresspeoples votes?

A
  • Constituents
  • Party and policy
  • Lobbyists
44
Q

What is some evidence of party decline?

A
  • Primaries (in selection)
  • Limits on funding
  • Pressure groups
45
Q

What is some party renewal evidence?

A
  • Control over nominations
  • Party structure/leadership
  • Fundraising involvement
  • Control of political agenda
46
Q

Who are some key Republican supporters?

A
  • White southerners
  • Rural voters
  • Religious voters
  • White males
  • High income professionals
47
Q

Who are some key Democratic supporters?

A
  • Low income working class
  • LGBT community
  • Latinos
  • Unmarried women
  • African Americans
48
Q

What are some barriers to Minor parties?

A
  • Electoral system
  • Ballot access rules
  • Limited funding
  • Lack of media coverage
49
Q

What are some anti Affirmative action arguments?

A
  • Reverse discrimination
  • Lower standards/motivation
  • Prevents truly colour blind society
  • Undermines minority achievements
50
Q

What are some pro affirmative action arguments?

A
  • Promotes diversity
  • Levels the playing field
  • Breaks down stereotypes
  • Compensation
51
Q

What are some alternatives to affirmative action?

A
  • Abolition
  • Class/income based
  • Cultural reforms
  • Reparations
52
Q

What is the significance of latinos in elections?

A
  • over 10% of electorate

- 43% increase from 200 to 2010

53
Q

What are some factors in PG success?

A
  • Size
  • Membership size
  • Close ties
  • Support area to political parties
54
Q

Who funded Brown vs Board?

A

NAACP

55
Q

Who are a large PG?

A

AARP 35 million members

A level politics UK (11 decks)

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