Unit 3.8 - Human Population Dynamics

Question 1

Malthusian Theory (What Malthus theorized)

Answer 1

• Earth has a human carrying capacity, probably based on food production
• Human population growth is happening faster than growth of food production
• Humans will reach a carrying capacity limited by food

Question 2

Technological advancement

Answer 2

• Humans can alter earth’s carrying capacity with tech. Innovation
• Ex: synthetic fixation of Nitrogen in 1918 leads to synthetic fertilizer, dramatically increasing food supply

Question 3

What are the two arguments for if earth has a carrying capacity

Answer 3

1. Malthusian theory
2. Technological advancement

Question 4

Growth rate (r)

Answer 4

• % increase in a population (usually per year)
• Ex: a growth rate of 5% for a population of 100 means they grow to 105

Question 5

Crude birth and death rates

Answer 5

• Crude Birth Rate & Crude Death Rate (CBR & CDR)
• Births & deaths per 1,000 people in a pop.
• Ex: Global CBR = 20 & CDR = 8

Question 6

Calculating growth rates

Answer 6

(CBR-CDR)/10

Question 7

Rule of 70

Answer 7

the time it takes (in years) for a population to double is equal to 70 divided by the growth rate

Question 8

Factors that increase population growth

Answer 8

• Higher TFR → higher birth rate
• High infant mortality rate can drive up TFR (replacement children)
• High immigration level
• Increased access to clean water & healthcare (decrease death rate)

Question 9

Factors that decrease population growth

Answer 9

• High death rate
• High infant mortality rate
• Increased development (education & affluence)
• Increased education for women
• Delayed age of first child
• Postponement of marriage age

Question 10

Standard of living

Answer 10

What the quality of life is like for people of a country based

Question 11

What is a key economic factor to knowing a countries standard of living?

Answer 11

GDP is a key economic indicator

Question 12

How does GDP indicate standard of living?

Answer 12

• Total value of the goods & services produced
• Per capita GDP is total GDP/total population

Question 13

What is a key health factor that leads to knowing a countries standard of living?

Answer 13

Life expectancy

Question 14

How does life expectancy indicate standard of living?

Answer 14

• Average age a person will live to in a given country
• Increases with access to clean water, health care, stable food sources

Question 15

What are both indicators of development and low population?

Answer 15

High GDP & life expectancy are both indicators of development & low pop. growth