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Psychology > Unit 3.5 Social Learning > Flashcards

Unit 3.5 Social Learning Flashcards

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1
Q

Social Learning

A

Learning from the behavior of others. Learning in all social situations

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2
Q

Albert Bandura

A

Identified 3 basic models of observational learning

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3
Q

Observational Learning

A

We watch others and see the consequences of their actions. Decide what to imitate

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4
Q

Modeling

A

Showing a person how to behave

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5
Q

Live model

A

An actual individual demonstrating or acting out a behavior

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6
Q

Verbal model

A

Descriptions and explanations of a behavior

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7
Q

Symbolic model

A

Real or fictional characters displaying behaviors in books, film, television programs or social media

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8
Q

Observation modeling

A

By watching a person can learn a behavior

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9
Q

Imitation modeling

A

After observing a behavior you try to copy that behavior

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10
Q

Intrinsic Reinforcement

A

Emphasis on internal thoughts and cognition helps connect learning theories

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11
Q

Bobo Dolls Experiment

A

Kids watched adults beat up dolls so given the opportunity they too beat up the dolls. Children didn’t need specific reinforcement to learn

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12
Q

Social Psychology

A

The way people relate to each other. Development and expression of attitudes

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13
Q

Social cognition

A

Memory and bias to help explain how people think about themselves and others

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14
Q

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

A

Idea that people are motivated to have consistent attitudes and behavior.

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15
Q

Attitude

A

Set of beliefs and feelings. Evaluating meaning that our feelings toward such things

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16
Q

Mere Exposure Effect

A

The more someone is exposed to something, the more you will come to like it. Ex: Ads that you see

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17
Q

Central Route

A

How do you process the content of the message. Ex: What about the chips make you like it?

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18
Q

Peripheral Route

A

What other aspects of the message push you like/ dislike something. Ex: Did you like how the message was communicated/presented to you?

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19
Q

Compliance Strategies

A

People use strategies to get what they want

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20
Q

Foot in the Door

A

If you get someone to do a small request, it is easier to get them to do a larger request later.

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21
Q

Door in the Face

A

After a person denies a large request, they will be more favorable to do smaller requests in the future.

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22
Q

Norms of Reciprocity

A

If someone does something nice for you, you should return the favor. When you feel compelled to do something in return.

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23
Q

Attribution Theory

A

How people determine the cause of what they saw

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24
Q

Decisions of attributions are based on what?

A

Consistency, distinctiveness, and consensus

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25
Q

Consistency

A

How similarly a person acts in the same situation over time

26
Q

Distinctiveness

A

How similar this situation is to other situations

27
Q

Consensus

A

Comparison to others in same situation

28
Q

Self fulfilling prophecy

A

Idea that expectations we have about have about others can influence the way others behave Ex: Mrs Turay saying Mrs B is carat so you come in acting crazy

29
Q

Fundamental Attribution Error

A

Not taking in the situation to judge others

30
Q

Collectivist Culture

A

More attuned to the ways different situations influence their own behavior

31
Q

Individualist Culture

A

Importance of uniqueness of the individual is stressed

32
Q

False Consensus

A

Tendency for people to overestimate the number of people who agree with them. Ex: Dalton thinks everyone likes her

33
Q

Self serving bias

A

Take more credit for good outcomes than for bad ones

34
Q

Just World Bias

A

Bias towards thinking that bad things happen to bad people, misfortunes befall people who deserve them . Tendency to blame the victim

35
Q

Stereotypes

A

Ideas about what members of a different group are like

36
Q

Prejudice

A

Undeserved, usually negative attitude toward a group of people. Negative stereotype

37
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Belief that one’s culture is superior to others. Specific type of prejudice. Ex: Hitler

38
Q

Discrimination

A

Involves an action to one’s prejudice

39
Q

In group

A

People of their own group

40
Q

Out group

A

The “others”

41
Q

In group bias

A

See yourself and your group as good people even when there are facts that prove they aren’t

42
Q

Contract Theory

A

Contact between hostile groups reduce animosity but only if groups are made to work together

43
Q

Superordinate Goal

A

Two groups working together cooperatively

44
Q

Instrumental Aggression

A

When the aggressive act is intended to secure a particular end

45
Q

Hostile Aggression

A

No clear purpose for the aggression

46
Q

Pro-social Behavior

A

Condition where people nearby are more and less likely to help someone in trouble

47
Q

Bystander Effect

A

Lots of people in a situation. Less likely to help because it diffuses the responsibility “someone else” will take action.

48
Q

Pluralistic Ignorance

A

People decide what is appropriate by looking to others

49
Q

Attraction

A

We like people who are similar to us with whom we are in frequent contact and who return positive feelings

50
Q

Similarity

A

Share attitudes, backgrounds and interests

51
Q

Proximity

A

Nearness- the greater the exposure the more you will like them

52
Q

Reciprocal liking

A

The more someone likes you the more you like them

53
Q

Physical Attraction

A

Good looking people perceived to have better attributes than non good looking people

54
Q

Self Disclosure

A

Share personal piece of information. Builds intimacy, especially when a person reciprocates and self discloses in return

55
Q

Social Facilitation

A

People perform better in front of an audience

56
Q

Social Impairment

A

Performance can be hurt when there is an audience

57
Q

Conformity

A

Go along with the views or actions of others

58
Q

Obedience Studies

A

Willingness to do what others ask them to do

59
Q

Social Loafing

A

Taking advantage of being part of a group. Don’t put as much effort when acting as part of a group as they do when acting alone

60
Q

Group Polarization

A

Tendency to make more extreme decisions than the group members would make individually

61
Q

Group think

A

Tendency for some groups to make bad decisions. Occurs when group members suppress their reservations about the ideas supported by the group

62
Q

Deindividuation

A

Get swept up by a group and do things they would never do on their own. Loss of self restraint when group members feel anonymous

Psychology (4 decks)

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