Unit 3.4.2 - ATP Flashcards
When do you find a metabolic pathway?
When a process occurs in a series of small reactions controlled by enzymes.
What is photosynthesis?
The process where energy from light is used to make glucose from water and carbon dioxide.
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
What process do plants and animals release energy by?
Respiration.
What is respiration?
The process where energy is released from glucose.
What is the equation for aerobic respiration?
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine Triphosphate
What is energy released in respiration used to make?
ATP
Where is energy stored in ATP?
In the phosphate bonds.
What does ATP look like?
A nucleotide base adenine, a ribose sugar and 3 phosphate groups.
What is ATP broken down into and what is released when this happens?
ADP energy and a phosphate molecule.
What ADP stand for?
Adenosine Diphospate
What is another name for the phosphate molecule released by ATP?
Pi (inorganic compound)
What type of reaction is the breakdown of ATP to ADP?
Hydrolysis
What enzyme catalyses the breakdown of ATP to ADP?
ATPase
What is the reaction called when ATP is formed from ADP?
Phosphorylation
What enzyme catalyses the formation of ATP from ADP?
ATP synthase
What is phosphorylation?
Adding a phosphate molecule
Give five specific properties of ATP which makes it good at storing energy.
- It only releases a small manageable amount of energy at a time so no energy is wasted.
- It is a small soluble molecule so can easily can easily be transported around the body.
- It is easily broken down so energy can easily be released.
- ATP can’t pass out of the cell so the cell always have an immediate supply of energy.
- It can transfer energy by releasing a phosphate group.
