Unit 3.4.2 - ATP

Question 1

When do you find a metabolic pathway?

Answer 1

When a process occurs in a series of small reactions controlled by enzymes.

Question 2

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 2

The process where energy from light is used to make glucose from water and carbon dioxide.

Question 3

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 3

6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Question 4

What process do plants and animals release energy by?

Answer 4

Respiration.

Question 5

What is respiration?

Answer 5

The process where energy is released from glucose.

Question 6

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 6

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy

Question 7

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 7

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 8

What is energy released in respiration used to make?

Answer 8

ATP

Question 9

Where is energy stored in ATP?

Answer 9

In the phosphate bonds.

Question 10

What does ATP look like?

Answer 10

A nucleotide base adenine, a ribose sugar and 3 phosphate groups.

Question 11

What is ATP broken down into and what is released when this happens?

Answer 11

ADP energy and a phosphate molecule.

Question 12

What ADP stand for?

Answer 12

Adenosine Diphospate

Question 13

What is another name for the phosphate molecule released by ATP?

Answer 13

Pi (inorganic compound)

Question 14

What type of reaction is the breakdown of ATP to ADP?

Answer 14

Hydrolysis

Question 15

What enzyme catalyses the breakdown of ATP to ADP?

Answer 15

ATPase

Question 16

What is the reaction called when ATP is formed from ADP?

Answer 16

Phosphorylation

Question 17

What enzyme catalyses the formation of ATP from ADP?

Answer 17

ATP synthase

Question 18

What is phosphorylation?

Answer 18

Adding a phosphate molecule

Question 19

Give five specific properties of ATP which makes it good at storing energy.

Answer 19

1. It only releases a small manageable amount of energy at a time so no energy is wasted.
2. It is a small soluble molecule so can easily can easily be transported around the body.
3. It is easily broken down so energy can easily be released.
4. ATP can’t pass out of the cell so the cell always have an immediate supply of energy.
5. It can transfer energy by releasing a phosphate group.