Unit 3.1 - Chemistry In Society/metals Flashcards
When do metallic bonds occur?
Metallic bonds occurs between the atoms of metal elements
What are outer electrons?
Delocalised/free to move
What does outer electrons being delocalised produce?
An electrostatic force of attraction between the positive metal ions (atoms that have lost an electron to become positively charged)
What does the negitive delocalised electrons act as?
A glue, holding atoms together
What is the reason for metals being conductors of electricity?
The delocalised electrons
What must happen in order for a substance to conduct electricity?
It must allow electrons to flow through it (metals do this well)
What happens as one electron moves into the metal from the power supply?
Another electron will jump off the metal
Will the metal be changed throughout the conduction of electricity?
No, the metal will remain completely unchanged throughout this and it will always have the same number of electrons
Why do Gold, silver and platinum not react with water?
They are all unreactive metals
What can explode in water?
Caesium
What metals react strongly with water?
The alkali metals, lithium, sodium and potassium
What reacts more with acids?
The more reactive metals
What reacts more with water?
The more reactive metals
What metals will react with and acid and why?
Only metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series will react with acid because all acids contain H+ ions.
What metals does acid not have an affect on?
Gold and Platinum
Example of
Metal + Acid = Salt + Hydrogen
Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid
Equation - Mg(S) +2HCL(aq)=MgCl2(a)+H2(g)
Reactions with Oxygen
Example of
Metal +oxygen =metal oxide
Magnesium reacting with Oxygen to give off a bright light and a exothermic reaction
2Mg(s)+O2(g)=2MgO(s)
Why do the reactions of metals make them very useful?
Their use in batteries which provide electricity for our use
What is electricity?
Electricity is a flow of electrons that travel along wires
How is electricity produced in a battery?
By a chemical reaction taking place in the battery
Why do batteries eventually run out?
Because eventually the chemicals in batteries are used up
What is the Reactivity series?
A list of elements, listed in order of reactivity starting with the most reactive.
The reactivity series
Most reactive - Potassium - Sodium - Calcium - Magnesium - Aluminum - Zinc - Iron - Nickel - Tin - Lead - Hydrogen - Copper - Mercury - Silver - Gold Least reactive - Platinum