Unit 307 - Radiography Flashcards
ionisation is
splitting an atom into two
splitting an atom into two is known as
ionisation
somatic effects are
direct to the individual
effects which are direct to the invidivual are known as
somatic effects
genetic effects are
effects passed down from the previous generation
effects passed down from the previous generation are known as
genetic effects
teratogenic effects
effect on the offsprings offspring
an effect on the offsprings offspring is known as
teratogenic effect
acute effects are
effects which have immediate onset
effects with immediate onset are called
acute effects
stochastic effect
effects that happen by chance
effects that happen by chancce
stochastic effects
chronic effects are
where the symptoms take a long time to appear
deterministic effect
effect which can be determined definitely
RPS stands for
radiation protection supervisor (who is on site)
RPA stands for
radiation protection advisor (an external body)
IRR stands for
ionising radiation regulations
IR(ME)R stands for
ionising radiation regulations for medical exposures
personal dosimetry badge is
worn to measure the level of radiation exposure
this is worn to measure the dosage of radiation exposure
personal dosimetry badge
personal dosimetry badge should be worn when
50 OPTs and/or 100 intraoral xrays are taken each week
NRPB stands for
national radiation protection board
OPT/OPG stands for
orthopantomograph
a step wedge or coin test would be used for
a test xray
a grade 2 xray is
diagnostically acceptable
effects from radiation exposure in large dosage in a short time (eg. Hiroshima) are known as
acute effects
symptoms of acute radiation effects (4)
vomiting, skin burns, loss of hair or changes to blood cells
radiation effects which can be from up to 20 years and are impossible to determine the cause
chronic effects
radiation effects which can be directly related to a cause (eg. sunburn)
somatic deterministic effects
chronic radiation effects
can be from up to 20 yrs of exposure history and are impossible to determine the cause
somatic deterministic radiation effects
radiation effects which can be directly linked to a cause (eg. sunburn)
effects of radiography which can lead to death or deformity of foetus are known as
genetic stochastic effects
example of genetic stochastic radiation effects
death or deformity of foetus
somatic stochastic radiation effects are
effects which can be related to a cause but not definitely (eg. cancer, increased exposure to radiation due to job or unknown exposure)
radiation effects which can be determined but are not clear in relation to the cause are known as
somatic stochastic effects
time and temperature which radipgraphs should be exposed to fixer and developer solutions
3-4 minutes at 18-24degrees celcius
solution which chemically reduces the energised ionised silver bromine crystals
developing solution
solution which removes silver bromide crystals
fixer solution
failure to rinse crystals from radiograph leads to
image going green/brown
after being exposed to appropriate solutions, radiograph should be rinsed
under running water for 10-15 seconds (as close in temperature as possible to other solutions)
periapical xray
xray taken of roots
bitewing
xray taken of crown and partial root
occlusal radiograph
xray taken of one full arch
orthopantomograph (OPG/OPT)
xray taken of full dentition
lateral oblique xray
xray taken from side of jaw
cephalostat (lateral projection)
xray taken of full jaw, neck and skull
how far should the operator stand from the xray tube
1.5 meters
which speed film should ideally be used to reduce exposure
E-F films
solid state sensors allow for
immediate viewing of xrays and are directly connected to the computer
photostimulable phosphur storage plates are used for
indirect processing of xrays and must be read/scanned before being loaded onto the computer
