Unit 3 WW2

Question 1

Ghettos

Answer 1

The largest ghetto in Poland was the Warsaw ghetto. Ghettos were usually established in the poor sections of a city, where most of the Jews from the city and surrounding areas were subsequently forced to reside.

Question 2

Concentration Camps

Answer 2

a place where large numbers of people, especially political prisoners or members of persecuted minorities, are deliberately imprisoned in a relatively small area with inadequate facilities, sometimes to provide forced labor or to await mass execution.

Question 3

Swastika

Answer 3

Swastika: symbol of the Aryan race, taken from Hinduism, represents the Third Reich, white: the national idea, red: the social idea of the Nazi movement, black: aryan struggle

Question 4

Nazism

Answer 4

Nazism: an extreme form of fascism that emphasizes not only national but racial superiority

Question 5

Anti-semitism

Answer 5

Anti-Semitism: prejudice and hatred against people of the Jewish faith

Question 6

Anton Drexler

Answer 6

Anton Drexler: founded the German Workers Party

Question 7

Adolf Hitler

Answer 7

Adolf Hitler: Leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSAP), Dictator of Germany

Question 8

German Workers Party (DAP)

Answer 8

German Workers Party (DAP): original Nazi party, renamed the Nationalist Socialist Workers party

Question 9

The Third Reich

Answer 9

The Third Reich: Hitler believed that his reign would last 1000 years

Question 10

Munich Putsch (Beer Hall Putsch)

Answer 10

Munich Putsch (Beer Hall Putsch): Failed Nazi attempt to overthrow the government. Hitler imprisoned and writes Mein Kampf

Question 11

Reichstag

Answer 11

Reichstag: German Parliament

Question 12

SS “The Black Shirts”

Answer 12

Hitler’s personal force

Question 13

Gestapo (The SA): aka “The Brown Shirts”

Answer 13

Nazi party force

Question 14

Mein Kampf

Answer 14

Mein Kampf: translates into: my struggle, outlines Hitler’s racial ideology and visions for Germany

1. Some races create civilization and other races destroy it
2. Survival of the fittest based on the “master Aryan race”
3. Anti-Semitism: Hatred of the Jews

Question 15

Benito Mussolini

Answer 15

leader of the National Fascist Party, promised: Great Italian empire & to end economic hardships

Question 16

Rome-Berlin Axis

Answer 16

Rome-Berlin Axis: Hitler and Mussolini made an agreement to respect each other’s area of influence and protect each other

Question 17

Reichstag Fire

Answer 17

Reichstag Fire: Hitler orders some of his men to light the Reichstag on fire, blamed communists and appoints himself dictator so that something like the Reichstag fire won’t happen again, gave Hitler justification to appoint himself dictator

Question 18

Lebensraum

Answer 18

Lebensraum: “living space” Hitler believed that that Germany was to cramped and that the country needed more “Lebensraum”

Question 19

Appeasement

Answer 19

Appeasement: a policy of trying to stop aggressive behaviour by giving the oppressor what they want, to “give in” to the demands of a nation, group, or person in order to avoid conflict and ensure peace
In the 1930’s, Western Europe “appeased” Hitler with the hopes of avoiding another world war

Question 20

Winston Churchill

Answer 20

Winston Churchill: British Prime Minister (1940-1945 during WWII), wanted a hard stance against Hitler, against appeasement, rallied German people against British

Question 21

Rhineland

Answer 21

Rhineland: a non-military zone and region between France and Germany, acted as a “buffer” between the two countries , Hitler orders German forces into the Rhineland takes over factories and begins using them to make war weapons

Question 22

Sudetenland

Answer 22

Sudetenland: A border region between Germany and Czechoslovakia where many Germans lived, Hitler argued the unification of German and German speaking Czechs with the rest of the country, was important for Czech defences

Question 23

Phony War

Answer 23

Phony War: The period between the allies declaring of war against Germany and the beginning of actual fighting, when no fighting took place, Allies: were not ready. Continues recruiting training soldiers, expanding air force, Nazis: continued to take over much of Europe

Question 24

Allied v. Axis Powers

Answer 24

Allied v. Axis Powers: Allied- Canada, Great Britain, The United States, China, and the Soviet Union Axis Powers- Germany, Japan and Italy

Question 25

Josef Stalin

Answer 25

Josef Stalin: leader of the Soviet Union

Question 26

Blitzkrieg

Answer 26

Blitzkrieg: German term: “lighting warfare”, German military strategy, “overwhelm” the enemy by attacking a specific area of the battleground with the combined support of air and ground forces: planes, tanks, and artillery, troops in order to penetrate deep into enemy territory and dispute enemy defences and communications

Question 27

Maginot Line

Answer 27

Maginot Line: allies were not ready for Blitzkrieg, expected another long, drawn out defensive war with very little movement, much like WWI, A series of concrete, “French like” defences along the French-German border

Question 28

Operation Barbarossa

Answer 28

Operation Barbarossa: Code name for Germany’s planned invasion of the Soviet Union, Hitler disregarded the warnings of the Schlieffen Plan by invading the Soviet Union with over 3 million troops and 3000 tanks

Question 29

The Blitz

Answer 29

The Blitz: Hitler rejected bombing raid from British airfields to the capital city of London of 57 nights, Hitler believed that the Blitz would crust the moral of the English, and force Britain out of the war, but instead gave the RAF time to breath and re-coup

Question 30

Royal Air Force (RAF)

Answer 30

Royal Air Force (RAF): the United Kingdom's aerial warfare force

Question 31

Luftwaffe

Answer 31

Luftwaffe: German air force

Question 32

Black Christmas

Answer 32

Black Christmas: Canadians fought hard but were forced to surrender on Christmas Day, 1941

Question 33

Red Army

Answer 33

Red Army: The army of the Soviet Union

Question 34

Operation Overlord

Answer 34

Operation Overlord: code name for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied plan to launch a successful invasion of German-occupied Western Europe during World War II

Question 35

V-E Day

Answer 35

V-E Day: Germany surrenders, officially ending the war in Europe

Question 36

V-P Day

Answer 36

V-P Day: The Enola Gay drops Little boy on the city of Hiroshima

Question 37

The Enola Gay

Answer 37

The Enola Gay: first aircraft to drop an atomic bomb

Question 38

Holocaust

Answer 38

Holocaust: a term used to describe the systematic mass murder of European Jews during WWII by Nazi Germany and its collaborators

Question 39

Nuremburg Laws (purpose and specific laws)

Answer 39

a series of anti-semitic laws passed by the Nazis that provided ‘scientific’ justification for discrimination against the jews, marriage and/or sexual relation between a German and a Jew was forbidden and illegal, Jewish people are no longer considered ‘citizens’ of the German state, become subjects of the state SIGNIFICANCE: all human rights are taken away

Question 40

Kristallnacht (Crystal Night)

Answer 40

anti-jewish riots in cities across Germany and Austria, nearly 100 Jews killed, Jewish businesses and synagogues destroyed, jews were banned from public parks and forced to pay reparations

Question 41

Final Solution

Answer 41

Final Solution: Nazi organized a systematic execution of ALL European Jews, Method: Concentrations Camps and Gas Chambers, Gas: Zyclon B

Question 42

Dr.Josef Mengele

Answer 42

aka “The Angel of Death”, Nazi SS officer and “doctor”, conducted experiments such as the sterilization of women, mutilation and amputation, the question practice, many jews killed in the process

Question 43

Anschluss

Answer 43

To this end, he had designs on re-uniting Germany with his native homeland, Austria.