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AP Art History > Unit 3 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Unit 3 Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

animal style

A

a medieval art form where animals are depicted in stylized and complicated pattern; usually fighting

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2
Q

chasing

A

ornamentation of metal by indenting into a surface with a hammer

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3
Q

cloisonne

A

enamelwork in which colored areas are separated by thin bands of metal, usually gold or bronze

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4
Q

codex

A

a manuscript book

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5
Q

colophon

A

commentary at the end of Chinese scrolls; any inscription at the end of a manuscript with information about its publication

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6
Q

fibula

A

clasp used to fasten garments

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7
Q

gospels

A

first four books of the New Testament and chronical the life of Jesus

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8
Q

horror vacui

A

“fear of empty spaces”; type of artwork where all space is filled, sometimes in a crowded, congested way

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9
Q

illuminated manuscript

A

manuscript that is decorated with painted initials, marginal illustrations, and large images that add pictorial element to written text

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10
Q

parchment

A

writing surface made from animal skins

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11
Q

vellum

A

fine parchment made from calf skin

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12
Q

scriptorium

A

place in a monastery where monks wrote manuscripts

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13
Q

zoomorphic

A

having elements of animal shapes

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14
Q

abbey

A

monastery for monks/convent for nuns and the connecting church

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15
Q

ambulatory

A

passageway against apse of a church

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16
Q

apse

A

end point of a church where the altar is

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17
Q

arcade

A

series of arches supported by columns

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18
Q

blind arcade

A

when arches face a wall and are not self-supporting

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19
Q

archivolt

A

series of concentric moldings around an arch

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20
Q

axial plan (basilican plan, longitudinal plan)

A

church with long nave whose function is the apse, designed along an axis

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21
Q

baptistery

A

in medieval architecture; separate chapel or building generally in front of church used for baptism

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22
Q

bay

A

vertical section of church that is embraced by set of columns, usually composed of arches and aligned windows

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23
Q

campanile

A

a bell tower of an Italian building

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24
Q

cathedral

A

principal church of a diocese, where the bishop sits

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25
Q

clerestory

A

the window story of a church

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26
Q

compound pier

A

gathering of engaged shafts around a pier

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27
Q

continuous narrative

A

work of art that contains several scenes of same story painted or sculpted in continuous succession

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28
Q

embroidery

A

woven product in which design is stitched into premade fabric

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29
Q

gallery

A

passageway inside or outside church characterized by having a colonnade or arcade

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30
Q

jamb

A

side posts of a medieval portal

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31
Q

Last Judgement

A

Christian scene of judgement at the end of the world

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32
Q

mandorla

A

almond-shaped circle around Christ, Buddha, other holy figures

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33
Q

narthex

A

vestibule/lobby of a church

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34
Q

portal

A

doorway, heavily decorated in Medieval tradition

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35
Q

radiating chapel

A

chapel that extends in radial pattern from centre

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36
Q

reliquary

A

vessel for holding sacred relics

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37
Q

rib vault

A

vault where diagonal arches form riblike patterns, typically supporting a roof

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38
Q

tapestry

A

woven product where design and backing are produced on a loom at the same time

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39
Q

transept

A

aisle in church perpendicular to the nave

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40
Q

transverse arch

A

arch that spans interior space connecting opposite walls by crossing from side to side

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41
Q

triforium

A

narrow passageway with arches opening into nave

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42
Q

trumeau

A

central pillar of portal that stabilizes structure, often elaborately decorated

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43
Q

tympanum

A

rounded sculpture place over poral of medieval church

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44
Q

vault

A

roof constructed with arches

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45
Q

barrel vault

A

when arch is extended to form a tunnel

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46
Q

groin vault

A

when two barrel vaults intersect at right angles

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47
Q

voussoir

A

wedge-shaped stone that forms curved part of arch

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48
Q

keystone

A

central voussoir

49
Q

andachtsbild

A

image for private contemplation and devotion

50
Q

apocalypse

A

the end of the world, God’s destruction of evil and final judgement of good and evil

51
Q

bay

A

vertical section of a church that is embraced by set of columns and usually composed of arches and aligned windows

52
Q

chevet

A

east end of a Gothic church

53
Q

choir

A

space between transept and apse for a choir or clergymen

54
Q

close

A

enclosed garden-like space around a cathedral

55
Q

compound pier

A

pier that appears to be group/gathering of smaller piers put together

56
Q

flying buttress

A

stone arch and pier that supports roof from pillar outside building

57
Q

haggadah

A

“narration”, book containing Jewish story of Passover and ritual of Seder

58
Q

hammerbeam

A

type of roof in English Gothic architecture where timber braces curve out from walls and meet high over middle of floor

59
Q

lancet

A

tall, narrow window with pointed arch usually filled with stained glass

60
Q

moralized Bible

A

Bible where Old and New Testament stories are paralleled with one another in illustrations, text, and commentary

61
Q

ogee arch

A

arch formed by S-shaped curves that meet at the top

62
Q

Passover

A

8-day Jewish festival that commemorates exodus of Jews from Egypt

63
Q

Pieta

A

depiction of crucified Christ on the lap of Mary

64
Q

pinnacle

A

pointed sculpture on piers or flying buttresses

65
Q

seder

A

ceremonial meal celebrated on first two nights of Passover; marked by reading of the Haggadah

66
Q

spire/steeple

A

tall pointed tower on a church

67
Q

triforium

A

narrow passageway with arches opening into a nave, usually directly below a clerestory

68
Q

lamentation

A

scene mourning Jesus’ death, often with Mother Mary, St. John, and Mary Magdalene

69
Q

maniera greca

A

“greek manner”, style of painting based on Byzantine models poplar in 12th and 13th century Italy

70
Q

tempera

A

type of paint made with egg yolk as binder, known for quick drying rate and opa

71
Q

tempera

A

type of paint made with egg yolk as binder, known for quick drying rate and opaque colours

72
Q

trecento

A

14th century in Italian art

73
Q

altarpiece

A

painted or sculpted panel set on an altar of a church

74
Q

annunciation

A

where Gabriel tells Mary she will be the mother of Jesus

75
Q

donor

A

patron of art who is often seen in that work

76
Q

engraving

A

printmaking process where burin is used to carve into a metal plate, causing impressions in the surface

77
Q

burin

A

tool used for engraving

78
Q

etching

A

metal plate covered with wax, and designs are cut into the wax, and an acid bath eats away at exposed portions of the plate; produces the finest details

79
Q

oil paint

A

paint in which pigments are suspending in oil-based medium; allows for corrections, additions, and greater range of detail

80
Q

polyptych

A

many-paneled altarpiece

81
Q

redella

A

base of an altarpiece that is filled with small paintings

82
Q

reformation

A

division in Christianity that occurred with the emergence of Protestantism

83
Q

triptych

A

three-paneled painting or sculpture

84
Q

woodcut

A

printmaking where wood tablet is carved into with a tool; strong, angular surfaces with sharp lines

85
Q

bottega

A

studio of an Italian artist

86
Q

chapter house

A

building next to a church used for meetings

87
Q

humanism

A

Renaissance intellectual movement that emphasized secular alongside religious; power and ability of man

88
Q

Madonna

A

Virgin Mary

89
Q

mullion

A

central post or column that is support element in window or door

90
Q

Neoplatonism

A

school of ancient Greek philosophy revived by Italian humanists

91
Q

orthogonal

A

lines that appear to recede toward vanishing point in linear perspectives

92
Q

perspective

A

depth and recession in a painting or relief sculpture

93
Q

atmospheric/aerial perspective

A

landscape that gives illusion of distance

94
Q

pietra serena

A

dark-gray stone used for columns, arches, and trim details in Renaissance buildings

95
Q

pilaster

A

flattened column attached to wall with capital, shaft, and base

96
Q

quattrocento

A

1400s in Italian art

97
Q

trompe l’oeil

A

“fools the eye”; form of painting that attempts to represent object as existing in three dimensions

98
Q

Arcadian

A

simple rural and rustic setting used in Venetian paintings

99
Q

canvas

A

heavy woven material used as surface of a painting

100
Q

cassone

A

trunk for storing a wife’s clothes

101
Q

chiaroscuro

A

gradual transition from light to dark in painting

102
Q

cinquecento

A

1500s in Italian art

103
Q

entombment

A

painting or scene of Jesus’ burial

104
Q

flood story

A

story of Noah, his family, and the ark

105
Q

genre painting

A

painting in which scenes of everyday life are depicted

106
Q

glazes

A

thin layers put over painting to sharpen colour and create sonorous effect

107
Q

ignudi

A

nude corner figures on Sistine Chapel ceiling

108
Q

Last Supper

A

meal shared by Jesus and disciples before crucifixion

109
Q

sfumato

A

hazy effect that distances viewer from painting subject

110
Q

sibyl

A

Greco-Roman prophetess whom Christians saw as prefiguring arrival of Christ

111
Q

still life

A

painting of a group of inanimate objects

112
Q

di sotto in su

A

‘form the bottom up’; type of ceiling painting where figures seem to over above the viewers

113
Q

impasto

A

thick and visible application of paint on painting surface

114
Q

tenebroso/tenebrism

A

dramatic dark and light contrast in painting

115
Q

biombos

A

freestanding screens

116
Q

casta paintings

A

paintings from New Spain showing people of mixed races

117
Q

enconchados

A

shell-inlay paintings

118
Q

escudo

A

framed painting worn below the neck in Spanish colonial painting

119
Q

mestizo

A

someone of mixed European and Native American descent

AP Art History (4 decks)

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