Unit 3 Vocabulary Flashcards
Columbian Exchange
The reciprocal importation and exportation of plants and animals between Europe and the Americas
Aztecs
A Mesoamerican culture that flourished in central Mexico in the post-classic period from 1300 to 1521
Balance of Trade
A mercantilist theory which stated that a nation should have more exports than imports, and put their money towards increasing trade and manufacturing.
Commercial Revolution
The creation of a European economy based on trade, which began in the 11th century and lasted until it was succeeded by the Industrial Revolution in the mid-18th century.
Conquistadors
“Conquerors.” Leaders in the Spanish conquests in the Americas, especially Mexico and Peru, in the sixteenth century.
Encomienda
In Spanish America, a form of economic and social organization in which a Spaniard was given a royal grant that enabled the holder of the grant to collect tribute from the Indians and use them as laborers.
Incas
A Native American people who built a notable civilization in western South America in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.
Joint-Stock Company
A company or association that raises capital by selling shares to individuals who receive dividends on their investment while a board of directors runs the company.
Mayans
The Maya civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization developed by the Maya peoples, and noted for its logosyllabic script, ending in the 17th century.
Mercantilism
An economic theory that held that a nation’s prosperity depended on its supply of gold and silver and that the total volume of trade is unchangeable. Its adherents therefore advocated that the government play an active role in the economy by encouraging exports and discouraging imports, especially through the use of tariffs.
Middle Passage
The journey of slaves from Africa to the Americas as the middle leg of the triangular trade.
Mughal Empire
The Mughal, Mogul or Moghul Empire was an early modern empire in South Asia.
