Unit 3 - Vision / Eye Flashcards
Wavelength
Short wavelength = Blue, Indigo, violet, and high-pitched sounds.
Medium wavelength = Green and medium pitched.
Long wavelength = Red, orange, yellow and low pitched.
Hue
The dimension of color is determined by the WAVELENGTH of the light.
Intensity
The amount of energy in a light or sound wave, which we perceive as brightness or loudness, as determined by the wave’s AMPLITUDE.
Pupil
The adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters.
Iris
A ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening - dilates/constricts in response to changing light intensity.
Lens / Accommodation
Lens: The transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina.
Accommodation: the process by which lens changes shape.
Retina
The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye contains the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information.
Layers of the retina in order: Rods and cones, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, optic nerve.
Rods
- Peripheral retina.
- Detect black, white, and gray.
- Twilight or low light.
Cones
- Near the center of the retina.
- Fine detail and color vision.
- Daylight or well-lit conditions.
Bipolar Cells
Neurons that connect rods and cones to the ganglion cells.
Ganglion Cells
Neurons that connect to the bipolar cells, their axons form the optic nerve.
Blind Spot
The point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a “blind” spot because no receptor cells are located there.
Fovea
The central focal point in the retina, around which the eye’s cones cluster.
Optic Nerve
The nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain.
Feature Detectors
Nerve cells in the brain that respond to specific features, including shape, angle and movement.
