Unit 3: The world around us Flashcards
extreme weather
Includes:
- flood: water rage as deluge continues
- high temperature: heat nightmare
- storms/high wind: Hurricane wreaks devastation
natural disasters
- drought
- an earthquake
- flooding
- a volcanic eruption
The possible causes and consequences - VERBS
- can be affected by
- can be caused by
- can lead to
- can result in
- can result from
**Tip: use modal verbs like can, could, may and might to avoid being too direct or definite
climate change
Drought can be caused by climate change and global warming
** Hạn hán có thể do biến đổi khí hậu và sự nóng lên toàn cầu
Flooding can be affected by deforestation and climate change
**Ngập lụt có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi nạn phá rừng và biến đổi khí hậu
deforestation
Flooding can be affected by deforestation and climate change
**Ngập lụt có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi nạn phá rừng và biến đổi khí hậu
disease
Flooding can lead to refugees and disease
**Ngập lụt có thể dẫn đến người tị nạn và dịch bệnh
Famine can result in disease and poverty
**Nạn đói có thể dẫn đến bệnh tật và nghèo đói
economic crisis
Civil war can be affected by a poor harvest and economic crisis.
** Nội chiến có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi mùa màng kém và khủng hoảng kinh tế.
endangered species
Drought can lead to a poor harvest and a threat to endangered species
**Hạn hán có thể dẫn đến thu hoạch kém và là mối đe dọa đối với các loài có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng
an epidemic
An earthquake can result in homelessness and epidemics
**Một trận động đất có thể dẫn đến vô gia cư và dịch bệnh
extreme temperatures
Famine can result from extreme temperatures and a poor harvest
**Nạn đói có thể do nhiệt độ khắc nghiệt và mùa màng kém
fossil fuel emissions
Fossil fuel emissions trap heat in the atmosphere and can lead to climate change.
global warming
Drought can be caused by climate change and global warming
homelessness
- Civil war can result in refugees and homelessness
- An earthquake can result in homelessness and epidemics
A poor harvest
Civil war can be affected by a poor harvest.
**Nội chiến có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi một vụ mùa kém.
poverty
Famine can result in disease and poverty
migration
A volcanic eruption results in homelessness and can lead to migration
refugees
Flooding can lead to refugees and disease
a tsunami
A huge tsunami can lead to extreme destruction when it strikes land.
unemployment
Unemployment can result from recessions.
long-term damage
irreversible damage
widespread damage
Collocation
Many people believe that global warming has caused long-term damage to the environment
Recent storms and flooding have cause
major disaster
humanitarian disaster
Collocation
The situation is quickly deteriorating and could soon become a major/humanitarian disaster.
emergency aid
financial aid
Collocation
After the earthquake, many countries provided emergency/financial aid.
ongoing crisis
impending crisis
humanitarian crisis
Collocation
The ongoing/impending crisis has caused many people to flee to the country
The region is suffering a(n) ongoing/humanitarian crisis caused by the crisis war
- far-reaching consequences
- environmental consequences
Collocation
It is feared that disaster will have far-reaching/environmental consequences
devastating effect
disastrous effect
Collocation
The recent extreme weather has had a(n) devastating/disastrous effect on the local population
water pollution
Collocation
a shortage of rain
Collocation
people’s attitudes
Collocation
an explaination
Question:
1. What are some of the causes of water pollution?
2. What consequences can a shortage of rain have on people’s lives?
- There are several negative effects including….
a comparison
Question:
1. How has the climate changed in recent years?
2. What are the differences between old and young people’s attitudes toward protecting the environment?
- The main difference is…
- There are now far more…
a suggestion or recommendation
Question:
1. What can individuals do to protect the environment?
- They should definitely…
- It would be a good idea if…
a personal opinion
Question:
1. Do you believe businesses do enough to protect the environment?
- Personally, I think
- In my view,…
a prediction
Question:
1. How will climate change affect people’s lives in the future?
- It is likely that…
- There will probably be…
a personal experience
Question:
1. What’s the climate like in your country?
2. Does it often snow in your country?
- Very rarely, but last year we…
- We tend to have a lot of…
Ways to save the planet
- Walk or ride a bike to work/place of study
Ways to save the planet
- Recycle glass, paper, aluminium, etc.
Ways to save the planet
- Compost food waste.
Ways to save the planet
- Switch off electrical items.
Ways to save the planet
- Turn off lights when you’re not in the room.
Ways to save the planet
- Have a shower rather than a bath.
Ways to save the planet
- Buy locally grown produce.
Ways to save the planet
- Donate unwanted items to charity.
Ways to save the planet
- Way clothes, furniture or other items second hand.
Ways to save the planet
- Take your own bags to the supermarket.
Ways to save the planet
- Bank and pay bills online.
Ways to save the planet
- Have a vegetarian meal.
Expressing views and opinions
against
I’m totally against the amount of plastic packaging most manufacturers use for their products.
Expressing views and opinions
agree
Most people would agree that it is essential for big companies to reduce their carbon emissions.
Expressing views and opinions
believe
I don’t believe that some individuals are aware of how serious some of these environmental issues are.
Expressing views and opinions
far
As far as I can see, the problems caused by fossil fuel emissions and deforestation are not going to disappear.
Expressing views and opinions
me
For me, fuel emissions from cars are one of the biggest sources of air pollution.
Expressing views and opinions
tend
I tend to think that some claims about climate change and extreme weather are exaggerated.
Expressing views and opinions
view
In my view, the increase in the number of endangered species is a real cause for concern.
Expressing views and opinions
would
I would say that companies found to be contaminating rivers and the sea should be heavily fined.
the greenhouse effect
collocation
Average temperatures
collocation
increase considerably
trend
A major drought occurred in…
collocation
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
v. add to
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
v. conserve
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
v. contribute to
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
v. recycle
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
v. save
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
v. reduce
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
v. use
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
v. waste
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
n. air miles
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
n. carbon emissions
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
n. carbon footprint
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
n. energy (consumption)
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
n. fuel (consumption)
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
n. money
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
n. landfill
bãi rác
Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?
n. waste (consumption)
Part 2: Describing something to help the environment
You should say
- what it is you do
- how you do it
- how often you do it
- and explain in what way your action helps the environment
justification
** biện minh
Most people would agree that it is essential for big companies to reduce their carbon emissions.
justification
Unless they take action, there could be severe consequences for future generations.
I tend to think that some claims about climate change and extreme weather are exaggerated.
justification
I’m more concerned about economic issues and global poverty and starvation.
I don’t believe that some individuals are aware of how serious some of these environmental issues are.
justification
That’s why it’s so important to educate people, particularly children, so that they grow with a good understanding of how to protect our planet from total destruction.
For me, fuel emissions from cars are one of the biggest sources of air pollution.
justification
If more people left their vehicles at home and walked or shared lifts, this would be greatly reduced.
As far as I can see, the problems caused by fossil fuel emissions and deforestation are not going to disappear.
justification
Although some governments and businesses have taken measures to deal with the issues, I don’t think they have gone far enough.
In my view, the increase in the number of endangered species is a real cause for concern.
justification
That’s why I am a big supporter of charities that support animal and plant conservation.
I would say that companies found to be contaminating rivers and the sea should be heavily fined.
justification
This already happens in my country and it has greatly reduced the amount of water pollution in recent years.
I’m totally against the amount of plastic packaging most manufacturers use for their products.
justification
I don’t think it’s necessary and not only is it a waste of money, it also adds to landfill.
v. exaggerate
n. exaggeration
phóng đại
v. pollute
n. pollution
ô nhiễm
v. justify
biện minh
n. justification
v. consume
tiêu thụ
n. consumption
v. contribute
đóng góp
n. contribution
v. destroy
phá hủy
n. destruction
v. deteriorate
xấu đi, giảm giá trị
n. deterioration
v. emit
thải ra khí thải
n. emission
v. contaminate
ô nhiễm
n. contamination
v. classify
phân loại
n. classification
v. protect
bảo vệ
n. protection
v. inform
thông báo
n. information
v. conserve
bảo tồn
n. conservation
v. present
trình bày
n. presentation
v. migrate
di cư
n. migration
v. reduce
giảm
n. reduction
v. recommend
giới thiệu
n. recommendation
Question
What type of human activity contributes to global warming?
Question
What effect does the destruction of the rainforest have on wildlife?
Rừng nhiệt đới bị tàn phá có ảnh hưởng gì đến động vật hoang dã?
Question
How can deterioration in air quality affect people’s health?
Làm thế nào để suy giảm chất lượng không khí có thể ảnh hưởng đến sức khỏe của mọi người?
Question
How can households reduce their water consumption?
Làm thế nào để các hộ gia đình có thể giảm lượng nước tiêu thụ?
Question
Has the pollution in your home town increased or decreased in recent years?
Question
Does your country experience economic migration from other countries?
Question
What is the best way for individuals to protect/conserve their local environment?
Question
How can you justify supporting animal charities when so many humans live in poverty?
