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Improving your skills: L + S 6.0 7.5 > Unit 3: The world around us > Flashcards

Unit 3: The world around us Flashcards

1
Q

extreme weather

A

Includes:
- flood: water rage as deluge continues
- high temperature: heat nightmare
- storms/high wind: Hurricane wreaks devastation

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2
Q

natural disasters

A
  • drought
  • an earthquake
  • flooding
  • a volcanic eruption
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3
Q

The possible causes and consequences - VERBS

A
  • can be affected by
  • can be caused by
  • can lead to
  • can result in
  • can result from

**Tip: use modal verbs like can, could, may and might to avoid being too direct or definite

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4
Q

climate change

A

Drought can be caused by climate change and global warming
** Hạn hán có thể do biến đổi khí hậu và sự nóng lên toàn cầu

Flooding can be affected by deforestation and climate change
**Ngập lụt có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi nạn phá rừng và biến đổi khí hậu

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5
Q

deforestation

A

Flooding can be affected by deforestation and climate change
**Ngập lụt có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi nạn phá rừng và biến đổi khí hậu

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6
Q

disease

A

Flooding can lead to refugees and disease
**Ngập lụt có thể dẫn đến người tị nạn và dịch bệnh

Famine can result in disease and poverty
**Nạn đói có thể dẫn đến bệnh tật và nghèo đói

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7
Q

economic crisis

A

Civil war can be affected by a poor harvest and economic crisis.
** Nội chiến có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi mùa màng kém và khủng hoảng kinh tế.

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8
Q

endangered species

A

Drought can lead to a poor harvest and a threat to endangered species
**Hạn hán có thể dẫn đến thu hoạch kém và là mối đe dọa đối với các loài có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng

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9
Q

an epidemic

A

An earthquake can result in homelessness and epidemics
**Một trận động đất có thể dẫn đến vô gia cư và dịch bệnh

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10
Q

extreme temperatures

A

Famine can result from extreme temperatures and a poor harvest
**Nạn đói có thể do nhiệt độ khắc nghiệt và mùa màng kém

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11
Q

fossil fuel emissions

A

Fossil fuel emissions trap heat in the atmosphere and can lead to climate change.

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12
Q

global warming

A

Drought can be caused by climate change and global warming

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13
Q

homelessness

A
  • Civil war can result in refugees and homelessness
  • An earthquake can result in homelessness and epidemics
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14
Q

A poor harvest

A

Civil war can be affected by a poor harvest.

**Nội chiến có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi một vụ mùa kém.

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15
Q

poverty

A

Famine can result in disease and poverty

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16
Q

migration

A

A volcanic eruption results in homelessness and can lead to migration

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17
Q

refugees

A

Flooding can lead to refugees and disease

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18
Q

a tsunami

A

A huge tsunami can lead to extreme destruction when it strikes land.

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19
Q

unemployment

A

Unemployment can result from recessions.

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20
Q

long-term damage
irreversible damage
widespread damage

A

Collocation

Many people believe that global warming has caused long-term damage to the environment

Recent storms and flooding have cause

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21
Q

major disaster
humanitarian disaster

A

Collocation

The situation is quickly deteriorating and could soon become a major/humanitarian disaster.

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22
Q

emergency aid
financial aid

A

Collocation

After the earthquake, many countries provided emergency/financial aid.

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23
Q

ongoing crisis
impending crisis
humanitarian crisis

A

Collocation

The ongoing/impending crisis has caused many people to flee to the country

The region is suffering a(n) ongoing/humanitarian crisis caused by the crisis war

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24
Q
  • far-reaching consequences
  • environmental consequences
A

Collocation

It is feared that disaster will have far-reaching/environmental consequences

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25
Q

devastating effect
disastrous effect

A

Collocation

The recent extreme weather has had a(n) devastating/disastrous effect on the local population

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26
Q

water pollution

A

Collocation

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27
Q

a shortage of rain

A

Collocation

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28
Q

people’s attitudes

A

Collocation

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29
Q

an explaination

A

Question:
1. What are some of the causes of water pollution?
2. What consequences can a shortage of rain have on people’s lives?

  • There are several negative effects including….
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30
Q

a comparison

A

Question:
1. How has the climate changed in recent years?
2. What are the differences between old and young people’s attitudes toward protecting the environment?

  • The main difference is…
  • There are now far more…
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31
Q

a suggestion or recommendation

A

Question:
1. What can individuals do to protect the environment?

  • They should definitely…
  • It would be a good idea if…
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32
Q

a personal opinion

A

Question:
1. Do you believe businesses do enough to protect the environment?

  • Personally, I think
  • In my view,…
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33
Q

a prediction

A

Question:
1. How will climate change affect people’s lives in the future?

  • It is likely that…
  • There will probably be…
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34
Q

a personal experience

A

Question:
1. What’s the climate like in your country?
2. Does it often snow in your country?

  • Very rarely, but last year we…
  • We tend to have a lot of…
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35
Q

Ways to save the planet

A
  1. Walk or ride a bike to work/place of study
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36
Q

Ways to save the planet

A
  1. Recycle glass, paper, aluminium, etc.
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37
Q

Ways to save the planet

A
  1. Compost food waste.
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38
Q

Ways to save the planet

A
  1. Switch off electrical items.
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39
Q

Ways to save the planet

A
  1. Turn off lights when you’re not in the room.
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40
Q

Ways to save the planet

A
  1. Have a shower rather than a bath.
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41
Q

Ways to save the planet

A
  1. Buy locally grown produce.
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42
Q

Ways to save the planet

A
  1. Donate unwanted items to charity.
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43
Q

Ways to save the planet

A
  1. Way clothes, furniture or other items second hand.
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44
Q

Ways to save the planet

A
  1. Take your own bags to the supermarket.
45
Q

Ways to save the planet

A
  1. Bank and pay bills online.
46
Q

Ways to save the planet

A
  1. Have a vegetarian meal.
47
Q

Expressing views and opinions

A

against

I’m totally against the amount of plastic packaging most manufacturers use for their products.

48
Q

Expressing views and opinions

A

agree

Most people would agree that it is essential for big companies to reduce their carbon emissions.

49
Q

Expressing views and opinions

A

believe

I don’t believe that some individuals are aware of how serious some of these environmental issues are.

50
Q

Expressing views and opinions

A

far

As far as I can see, the problems caused by fossil fuel emissions and deforestation are not going to disappear.

51
Q

Expressing views and opinions

A

me

For me, fuel emissions from cars are one of the biggest sources of air pollution.

52
Q

Expressing views and opinions

A

tend

I tend to think that some claims about climate change and extreme weather are exaggerated.

53
Q

Expressing views and opinions

A

view

In my view, the increase in the number of endangered species is a real cause for concern.

54
Q

Expressing views and opinions

A

would

I would say that companies found to be contaminating rivers and the sea should be heavily fined.

55
Q

the greenhouse effect

A

collocation

56
Q

Average temperatures

A

collocation

57
Q

increase considerably

A

trend

58
Q

A major drought occurred in…

A

collocation

59
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

v. add to

60
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

v. conserve

61
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

v. contribute to

62
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

v. recycle

63
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

v. save

64
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

v. reduce

65
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

v. use

66
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

v. waste

67
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

n. air miles

68
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

n. carbon emissions

69
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

n. carbon footprint

70
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

n. energy (consumption)

71
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

n. fuel (consumption)

72
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

n. money

73
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

n. landfill
bãi rác

74
Q

Verbs and nouns: How to save the planet?

A

n. waste (consumption)

75
Q

Part 2: Describing something to help the environment

A

You should say
- what it is you do
- how you do it
- how often you do it
- and explain in what way your action helps the environment

76
Q

justification

A

** biện minh

77
Q

Most people would agree that it is essential for big companies to reduce their carbon emissions.

A

justification

Unless they take action, there could be severe consequences for future generations.

78
Q

I tend to think that some claims about climate change and extreme weather are exaggerated.

A

justification

I’m more concerned about economic issues and global poverty and starvation.

79
Q

I don’t believe that some individuals are aware of how serious some of these environmental issues are.

A

justification

That’s why it’s so important to educate people, particularly children, so that they grow with a good understanding of how to protect our planet from total destruction.

80
Q

For me, fuel emissions from cars are one of the biggest sources of air pollution.

A

justification

If more people left their vehicles at home and walked or shared lifts, this would be greatly reduced.

81
Q

As far as I can see, the problems caused by fossil fuel emissions and deforestation are not going to disappear.

A

justification

Although some governments and businesses have taken measures to deal with the issues, I don’t think they have gone far enough.

82
Q

In my view, the increase in the number of endangered species is a real cause for concern.

A

justification

That’s why I am a big supporter of charities that support animal and plant conservation.

83
Q

I would say that companies found to be contaminating rivers and the sea should be heavily fined.

A

justification

This already happens in my country and it has greatly reduced the amount of water pollution in recent years.

84
Q

I’m totally against the amount of plastic packaging most manufacturers use for their products.

A

justification

I don’t think it’s necessary and not only is it a waste of money, it also adds to landfill.

85
Q

v. exaggerate

A

n. exaggeration
phóng đại

86
Q

v. pollute

A

n. pollution
ô nhiễm

87
Q

v. justify

A

biện minh
n. justification

88
Q

v. consume

A

tiêu thụ
n. consumption

89
Q

v. contribute

A

đóng góp
n. contribution

90
Q

v. destroy

A

phá hủy
n. destruction

91
Q

v. deteriorate

A

xấu đi, giảm giá trị
n. deterioration

92
Q

v. emit

A

thải ra khí thải
n. emission

93
Q

v. contaminate

A

ô nhiễm
n. contamination

94
Q

v. classify

A

phân loại
n. classification

95
Q

v. protect

A

bảo vệ
n. protection

96
Q

v. inform

A

thông báo
n. information

97
Q

v. conserve

A

bảo tồn
n. conservation

98
Q

v. present

A

trình bày
n. presentation

99
Q

v. migrate

A

di cư
n. migration

100
Q

v. reduce

A

giảm
n. reduction

101
Q

v. recommend

A

giới thiệu
n. recommendation

102
Q

Question

A

What type of human activity contributes to global warming?

103
Q

Question

A

What effect does the destruction of the rainforest have on wildlife?

Rừng nhiệt đới bị tàn phá có ảnh hưởng gì đến động vật hoang dã?

104
Q

Question

A

How can deterioration in air quality affect people’s health?

Làm thế nào để suy giảm chất lượng không khí có thể ảnh hưởng đến sức khỏe của mọi người?

105
Q

Question

A

How can households reduce their water consumption?

Làm thế nào để các hộ gia đình có thể giảm lượng nước tiêu thụ?

106
Q

Question

A

Has the pollution in your home town increased or decreased in recent years?

107
Q

Question

A

Does your country experience economic migration from other countries?

108
Q

Question

A

What is the best way for individuals to protect/conserve their local environment?

109
Q

Question

A

How can you justify supporting animal charities when so many humans live in poverty?

Improving your skills: L + S 6.0 7.5 (3 decks)

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