Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Unit 3 Terms - APWH > Flashcards

Unit 3 Terms - APWH Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Quran

A

Written texts of Muhammad’s teachings
“Recitation”
Home book of Islam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Muhammad

A

Prophet who married a widow and saw visions that he believed were sent by God through Archangel Gabriel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hadith

A

Words and deeds of Muhammad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Umma

A

“Community of the faithful”
Community led by Muhammad
Provided relief for widows, orphans, and poor
Daily prayers to Allah

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hijra

A

“Migration”

Muhammad and his followers fled Mecca to Medina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

5 Pillars

A

1) Muslims must pray to Allah as their only god and Muhammad as his prophet
2) must pray daily to Allah while facing Mecca
3) must observe a fast during daylight hours in month of Ramadan
4) must contribute alms for relief of weak and poor
5) must undertake Hajj and make one pilgrimage to Mecca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Jihad

A

“Struggle” to defend , usually physically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sharia

A

Islamic holy law and punishments

Guidance on marriage and family life, inheritance, slavery, crime, ect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Abu Bakr

A

General of Muhammad
Picked by Muhammad friends, served as caliph
Led umma as lieutenants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ali

A

Cousin and son in law of Muhammad
4th caliph
Enemies killed him and his family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Shia

A

Party that supported Ali and bus descendants as caliphs

Wanted to avenge Ali’s death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ulama

A

Scholar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Madrasa

A

Higher education (school, university)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Umayyad

A

Dynasty solved problem of succession (richest merchants and alliances)
Ruled the”dar-al-Islam”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Abbasid

A

Allied with Shias and Muslims who weren’t Arabs, dynasty took over after they killed Umayyad
Established Baghdad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Al-Andalus

A

Muslims in Spain

Governors (Umayyad) who refused to recognize Abbasid dynasty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Veiling

A

Women were veiled as a sign of modesty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sufis

A

Islamic missionaries and mystics (people who asks their own connections)
Very intelligent, helped the poor and people around them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hajj

A

Muslims make a pilgrimage to Mecca if financially and physically capable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Muslim

A

People of Islamic religion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sui

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Grand Canal

A

One of worlds largest water projects, connected north and south China
Helped supply and trade rice and other food crops
Built by labor services

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Tang Taizong

A

Murdered 2 of his brothers, saw himself as a Confucian ruler (listens to his people) but also a ruthless person
Levied taxes on peasants (2.5%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Tang Dynasty

A

Tang Taizong (2 emperor) made it bigger, built capital at Chang’an

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tribute

A

Gifts for tokens of status

Kow tow - ritual in which subordinates bowed before emperors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Song Taizu

A

First song emperor, persuaded his generals to retire early so they wouldn’t overthrow him
Confucian merit system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Equal Field System

A

Distribution of land to the poor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Song Dynasty

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Uighurs

A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Wu Zhao

A

Daughter of scholar official, became wife of Taizong’s successor
Organized a secret police to watch factions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Foot binding

A

Tight wrapping of feet with cloths and made malformed feet - to control girls’ behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

dar al Islam

A

Under the influence of Islam, education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Porcelain

A

Utensil used as a work of art, became known as chinaware

Mostly used by wealthy families

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Steel and coke

A

Chinese craftsmen used coke instead of coal while making metals, iron and steel mostly went into weaponry and agri. tools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Gunpowder

A

Used in bamboo fire lances and eventually made bombs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Junk

A

sailing vessel/ship design

36
Q

Bulkhead

A

a dividing wall or barrier between compartments in a ship, aircraft, or other vehicle.

37
Q

Rudder

A

Piece used for steering a boat or a ship

38
Q

Compass

A

Navigator, “south pointing needle”

39
Q

Flying cash

A

Merchants deposit goods at one place, draw equivalent of cash at another place in China

40
Q

Paper money

A

Printed notes that clients could use for merchandise

41
Q

Promissory notes

A

Pledged payment of given sum of money at a later date

42
Q

Movable type

A

-

43
Q

Printing press

A

-

44
Q

Neo Confucianism

A

New Confucianism in response to the ideas of Taoism and Buddhism

45
Q

Silla

A

Dynasty where Tang and Silla agreed Chinese forces withdrew from Korea and Silla king saw the Tang emperor as his overlord; Silla king gave gifts to Chinese emperor, performed kowtow

46
Q

Nara

A

New capital city, Nara (replica of Tang capital, Chang’an)

47
Q

Japan’s decentralization

A

Clans in Japan had control, they didn’t use bureaucracy, valued military and discipline

48
Q

Samurai

A

Professional warriors of Japan who enforced laws and provided military and police service

49
Q

Shintoism

A

Religion where Japanese worship and respect their ancestors and deities

50
Q

Harsha

A

Buddhist King who got the throne at 16, built hospitals and provided medical care, distributed wealth. Spent most of his reign finding alliances then killed soon after, had no heir

51
Q

Mahmud of Ghazni

A

Leader of Turks in Afghan., built Ghazni into a nice capital, destroyed sites associated with Hinduism and Buddhism, replaced them with Islamic shrines … Didn’t convince people to become Islamic

52
Q

Sultanate of Delhi

A

Islamic state created by Mahmud’s successors, built capital at Delhi, strong army, built mosques, shrines, depended on Hindu kings to carry out policies

53
Q

Chola

A

Kingdom got wealth from trade, local rulers maintained order and collected taxes, strong navy not a centralized govt.

54
Q

Vijayanagar

A

“City of victory”
Asked sultans of Delhi to expand their power
Fell into alliance with Muslims

55
Q

Monsoons

A

Wind system that brings rainfall and droughts

56
Q

Emporia

A

Trading centers / warehouses / docks

57
Q

Buddhism

A

Religion in which you understand suffering and enlightment

58
Q

Vishnu

A

Preserver of the world, god who watched universe and entered world in human form to resist evil

59
Q

Shiva

A

God of fertility and destructive deity

60
Q

Conversion to Islam

A

Some Indians converted to improve their positions in society
Lower castes wanted to escape discrimination
It rarely happened

61
Q

Bhakti

A

Cult of love and devotion that tried to erase distinction between Hinduism and Islam

62
Q

Guru Kabir

A

Bhakti leader and a blind weaver

Taught that Shiva, Vishnu, and Allah were all one single universal deity

63
Q

Funan

A

First state to reflect Indian influence
Grew wealthy from trade between China and India
Water storage, irrigation systems,

64
Q

Srivijaya

A

Kingdom with powerful navy, levied taxes on ships,

65
Q

Angkor

A

Kings of Khmers built capital at Angkor Thom, they were Hindus but eventually switched to Buddhism. Archeologists found monuments of both religions, and Thai people invaded the capital

66
Q

Melaka

A

Lair of pirates, built navy that patrolled waters and protected sea lanes
Port levied taxes on value of cargoes
Converted to Islam

67
Q

Byzantium

A

Continuation of Roman Empire

68
Q

Constantinople

A

Capital of Roman Empire
named after Constantine
Baths, libraries, museums, churches
Ottoman Turks took over it and named it Istanbul (modern day Turkey)

69
Q

Ceasaropapism

A

The emperor ruled as a secular lord and played a role in ecclesiastical affairs

70
Q

Justinian

A

Born into a Macedonian peasant family, uncle picked him as an heir, constructed with his wife the Hagia Sophia church (holy wisdom)

71
Q

Justinian’s code

A

Corpus iuris civilis - body of the civil law

72
Q

Theme system

A

Authority to generals who were responsible for military defense and civil admin.
Received appointments from emperor

73
Q

Cyrillic

A

-

74
Q

Franks

A

Germanic people
Gained popularity when they converted to Christianity
Carolingians extended their power

75
Q

Charlemagne

A

Grandson of Charles Martel
Abu-al-Abbas - elephant gift to him
Relied on counts (aristocratic deputies)

76
Q

Carolingian

A

Charles Martel is the founder of the dynasty turned back a Muslim army (Battle of Tours)

77
Q

Missi dominci

A

“Envoys of The Lord ruler” officials who traveled to all jurisdictions and reviewed accounts of local authorities

78
Q

Vikings

A

Norse mariners, started settling in France, fleets attacked cities, seiged Paris

79
Q

Peasantry

A

Free Peasants cultivated land in hopes of improving their families’ fortune

80
Q

Feudalism

A

-

81
Q

Peasants

A

Male peasants worked 3 days a week, provided labor services

Women churned butter, made cheese, brewed beer, ect.

82
Q

Papacy

A

the office or authority of the pope.

83
Q

Hagia Sophia

A

Church built by Justinian and Theodora, it means holy wisdom

84
Q

Gregory I

A

Pope that organized the defense of Rome, saved the city from Lombards, made sacrament of penance

85
Q

Patriarchs

A

-

86
Q

Iconoclasm

A

“Breaking of icons” , people could not pray to pictures of religious figures

87
Q

Asceticism

A

Disciples built communities, (monasteries)

Biology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions