Unit 3 Terms

Question 1

nation

Answer 1

a political community united by it’s people’s sense of common heritage and culture

Question 2

bishops

Answer 2

the officials above the numerous priests who served as its local agents; who presided over districts known as dioceses

Question 3

pope

Answer 3

at the end of the hierarchy was the Bishop of Rome; a religious leader who headed the Church

Question 4

papal primacy

Answer 4

(supremacy of the pope), later to become Church doctrine, which held that the pope had authority over the whole Christian Church

Question 5

medieval

Answer 5

Middle Ages, between ancient and modern times

Question 6

vassal

Answer 6

subordinate warlords who swore allegiance and pledged military service to a higher lord, their overlord

Question 7

knights

Answer 7

armed mounted warriors whose code of conduct entailed strict devotion to their overlords and to the Christian Church

Question 8

manors

Answer 8

landed estates worked by peasant farmers

Question 9

serfs

Answer 9

peasants bound to the manor and under the control of its lord

Question 10

people of the book

Answer 10

book of Jews and Christian scriptures

Question 11

umma

Answer 11

a purely Islamic community under Muhammad leadership

Question 12

caliph

Answer 12

successor of Prophet Muhammad

Question 13

jihad

Answer 13

used in military context to wage war against unbelievers; reflects Islam’s claim to universality

Question 14

mosque

Answer 14

Islamic house of worship

Question 15

yoga

Answer 15

emphasizes meditation and self-knowledge

Question 16

bantu

Answer 16

tribe of Africans; migration connecting African regions

Question 17

animism

Answer 17

the belief that spirits existed that could either help or harm human beings

Question 18

swahili

Answer 18

bantu language combined with Arabic elements and scripts to develop into a term designating not only the language but also the entire Bantu-Islamic East African culture