Unit 3 Road to Revolution

Question 1

What are the 3 criteria for a revolution?

Answer 1

1. The people must be upset and/or want to change the status quo.
2. People or a person must present a plan that seems better than the status quo.
3. The plan must be put into action and the plan should be followed and the change should happen for at least a period of time.

Question 2

What is a revolution?

Answer 2

A forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system.

Question 3

What is a tragic necessity?

Answer 3

Something tragic that occurred but was needed for a necessary change to the status quo. I could be for the great or good but there will be negative consequences.
Ex: The American Revolution

Question 4

What is/was the Renaissance?

Answer 4

It was a social movement beginning in Italy in 1300’s that spread to Northern Europe in the 1400’s. Arts, literature, and education changed significantly.(rebirth)

Question 5

What is humanism?

Answer 5

The study of classical works of literature. Liberal Arts such as grammar, music, logic, and arithmetic.(classical world)

Question 6

What is individualism?

Answer 6

The understanding of human worth. Every human has a purpose.

Question 7

What is Secularism?

Answer 7

The view that religion should not be the most important thing or most focused thing in the events of a human’s life.

Question 8

What is Classical Scholarship?

Answer 8

The study of liberal arts. Studying the classical world/aspects of ancient Greece and Rome.

Question 9

What is Christian Humanism?

Answer 9

Study focused on the history of Christianity and the law of love revealed by Jesus Christ. Focus on love, peace, and simplicity.

Question 10

Who is Leonardo da Vinci?

Answer 10

He was one of the greatest artist during the Renaissance, referred to as “Renaissance man”. He was also an engineer, architect, and musician.

Question 11

What was the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 11

It was a religious revolution that lasted from 1517 to 1648. This was due to churches having too much power.

Question 12

Who was Martin Luther?

Answer 12

He was a man who devoted his life to being a priest. He disagreed with indulgences because only God can make decisions, nothing can be man-made.

Question 13

What were the 95 Theses?

Answer 13

These were the 95 complaints that Martin Luther had about churches.

Question 14

What was Catholic Reformation?

Answer 14

Also known as the counter reformation, was an attempt by churches to regain their power over the people.

Question 15

What are indulgences?

Answer 15

It was a type of pass to shorten the time you spent in a purgatory before Heaven. Buyable passes to forgive sins and go to Heaven.

Question 16

What is inquisition?

Answer 16

A period of investigation or questioning. Usually by judicial rule.

Question 17

What was the Scientific Revolution?

Answer 17

A period of time where people started to question the world and its studies. All scientific research was outdated so people made new discoveries.

Question 18

What is the Scientific Method?

Answer 18

It is a 7 step process made by Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes. It was made to make all science experiments efficient and reliable. This was used to prove theories that were made during the Scientific Revolution.

Question 19

Who was Ptolemy?

Answer 19

He was an ancient Greek thinker that made claims in ancient times. All scientific information came from him as he was the only one people relied on. His theories were proven wrong later.

Question 20

Nicolaus Copernicus

Answer 20

He was a Polish Astronomer who made discoveries during the Scientific Revolution. He published the Revolution of the Celestial Spheres. He proved Ptolemy wrong by proving that all planets revolve around the sun.

Question 21

Galileo Galilei

Answer 21

He was an Italian scientist who prove Copernicus’ theory to be correct. He was one of the first people to study the sky with a telescope. He wanted to prove all his and others’ theories with experiments.

Question 22

Sir Isaac Newton

Answer 22

He was an English Scientist who published the book Principia Mathematica. He was the considered the greatest scientist to ever live. His theories were proven many times and were considered laws. His most famous law is the law of gravity.

Question 23

What was the National Assembly?

Answer 23

It was the people of the third estate or the commoner. They fought for a constitution as they thought they had no say or power.

Question 24

What were the 3 estates?

Answer 24

1. Clurgy/church officials
   2.nobility
   3.Everyone else(commoners)
   This made up 98 percent of the population.

Question 25

Who was King Louis XVI?

Answer 25

He was the king/monarch of France during (most) the French Revolution. He ruled in an absolute monarchy before being killed.

Question 26

Who was Marie Antoinette?

Answer 26

She was the queen of France. She lived a luxurious lifestyle and offered poor advice.

Question 27

Who were the Jacobins?

Answer 27

They were a group of people that wanted to make France a republic. They wanted to be like America. They despised monarchies and wanted a strong government.

Question 28

Who was Maximilien Robespierre?

Answer 28

He was the leader of the Jacobin group. He started the reign of terror being names the architect of the reign of terror.

Question 29

What was the reign of terror?

Answer 29

It was a period of three years where people were executed if they went against the government. a lot of people were killed during this time by the Jacobins.

Question 30

Who was Napoleon Bonaparte?

Answer 30

He was the emperor of France who came into power in 1799.

Question 31

What was the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 31

This was a period of time from the 18th century to the 20th century where industrial production was greatly used. This was a time of great discoveries as there were different stages with different purposes and discovery.

Question 32

What was child labor and how was it used?

Answer 32

Many children were used to work the machines in the factories. They worked in harsh conditions with no safety and very long days. The children were a good source of workers as they could fit in tiny spaces and took up less space, also costing less.